Critical Size and Nucleation Field of Ideal Ferromagnetic Particles

Frei, E. H.; Shtrikman, S.; Treves, D.

doi:10.1103/physrev.106.446

Cited by 533 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Clearly the variation of B c (Tϭ0) with the dimensions of the wires depends on the actual mechanism that drives the magnetization reversal. 11,25 According to previous experimental evidence, 4 and it is therefore very sensitive to the size of the wires. By contrast, for nucleation in an infinitely long cylinder 11 B c is independent of D p and equals the limit for rotation at unison, M sb /2Ӎ1.1 T. This is, however, different for finite cylinders because the magnetostatic energy near the end of the wire lowers the effective anisotropy, thus reducing the energy for nucleation 11,16 as was indeed observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetization reversal of ferromagnetic nanowires studied by magnetic force microscopy

et al. 2003

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The magnetization reversal of two-dimensional arrays of parallel ferromagnetic Fe nanowires embedded in nanoporous alumina templates has been studied. By combining bulk magnetization measurements ͑supercon-ducting quantum interference device magnetometry͒ with field-dependent magnetic force microscopy ͑MFM͒, we have been able to decompose the macroscopic hysteresis loop in terms of the irreversible magnetic responses of individual nanowires. The latter are found to behave as monodomain ferromagnetic needles, with hysteresis loops displaced ͑asymmetric͒ as a consequence of the strong dipolar interactions between them. The application of field-dependent MFM provides a microscopic method to obtain the hysteresis curve of the array, by simply registering the fraction of up and down magnetized wires as a function of applied field. The observed deviations from the rectangular shape of the macroscopic hysteresis loop of the array can be ascribed to the spatial variation of the dipolar field through the inhomogeneously filled membrane. The system studied proves to be an excellent example of the two-dimensional classical Preisach model, well known from the field of hysteresis modeling and micromagnetism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetization reversal of ferromagnetic nanowires studied by magnetic force microscopy

et al. 2003

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“…The curling mode was proposed by Frei et al [27] and has been used to investigate magnetic switching in films [28] and particles with different geometries, like spheres [27], prolate ellipsoids [27,29], and cylinders [30]. However, for simplicity, expressions for the nucleation field obtained using infinite cylinders are used in all cases.…”

Section: B Angular Dependence Of the Coercivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular dependence of magnetic properties in Ni nanowire arrays

Lavín

Denardin

Escrig

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

119

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The angular dependence of the remanence and coercivity of Ni nanowire arrays produced inside the pores of anodic alumina membranes has been studied. By comparing our analytical calculations with our measurements we conclude that the magnetization reversal in this array is driven by means of the nucleation and propagation of a transverse wall. A simple model based on an adapted StonerWohlfarth model is used to explain the angular dependence of the coercivity.

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“…4. The solid and dashed curves correspond to the analytical micromagnetic solution of H s ͑ ͒ for curling 12 in an infinite cylinder where we have adjusted R/R 0 to get a best fit, where R is the cylinder radius and R 0 is the critical radius for curling. Even though we don't expect curling to be valid over the entire range, in Fig.…”

Section: Measurement Of Magnetic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and quantitative magnetic studies of single-domain nickel cylinders

O’Barr

Lederman

Schultz

et al. 1996

Journal of Applied Physics

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For a complete experimental and theoretical explanation of the magnetic processes in an interacting collection of submicron magnetic particles, a fundamental understanding of the magnetic properties of individual single-domain particles must first be achieved. We have prepared elongated Ni columns ranging in diameter from 0.15 to 1.0 m by electroplating into specially prepared Al 2 O 3 and glass channeled pore membranes. We have also prepared controlled arrays of Ni columns using e-beam lithography, subsequently electroplating into the written patterns. Using transmission electron microscopy, we have characterized the shape, size, morphology, and crystal structure of the columns. Magnetic force microscopy has been used to determine the switching field H s versus the applied field angle of the columns. Although the switching field data can be fit to the functional form for nucleation by curling in an infinite cylinder, the observed weak dependence of H s on column diameter is inconsistent with that expected for curling, particularly for columns of diameter Ͼ0.3 m.

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Critical Size and Nucleation Field of Ideal Ferromagnetic Particles

Cited by 533 publications

References 19 publications

Magnetization reversal of ferromagnetic nanowires studied by magnetic force microscopy

Magnetization reversal of ferromagnetic nanowires studied by magnetic force microscopy

Angular dependence of magnetic properties in Ni nanowire arrays

Preparation and quantitative magnetic studies of single-domain nickel cylinders

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