Critical Success Factors of a Drug Traceability System for Creating Value in a Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (PSC)

Silva, Ronaldo Brito Da; Mattos, Cláudia Aparecida de

doi:10.3390/ijerph16111972

Cited by 32 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We adopted a 5-tier model of pharmaceutical supply chains consisting of primary manufacturer of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) (Tier 1), secondary manufacturer of finished pharmaceutical product (FPP) (Tier 2), main distributor (Tier 3), local distributor (Tier 4), and demand point (Tier 5). 27 The scoping review methodology was adopted to enable comprehensive data collection, considering that some of the information sought on these players and processes in the supply chain may not be available as peer-reviewed literature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Antimicrobial Supply Chain in Bangladesh: A Scoping-Review-Based Ecological Assessment Approach

Orubu

Samad

Rahman

et al. 2021

Glob Health Sci Pract

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A standardized method for evaluating antimicrobial supply chains in the context of access and use could be a useful tool in assessing national capacity to implement programs that address antimicrobial resistance. We present both a novel ecological approach comprising mapping and the use of indicators that can be used to characterize national antimicrobial supply chains as well as benchmark countries and, for the first time, a country-level assessment of Bangladesh.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Antimicrobial Supply Chain in Bangladesh: A Scoping-Review-Based Ecological Assessment Approach

Orubu

Samad

Rahman

et al. 2021

Glob Health Sci Pract

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“…In addition, waste management also requires effective segregation of waste, which is key to reducing the volume of waste that needs attention and ensuring that each treatment process only receives compatible waste [ 55 ]. The introduction of a digital track and trace system would provide timely information to support the production and distribution of medicines in order to optimise medicine production and reduce overproduction, which leads to the generation of waste [ 55 , 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can We Create a Circular Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (CPSC) to Reduce Medicines Waste?

et al. 2020

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Background: The increase in pharmaceutical waste medicines is a global phenomenon and financial burden. The Circular Economy, as a philosophy within the pharmaceutical supply chain, aims to promote waste reduction, maximise medicines value, and enable sustainability within this supply chain (increasing circularity). Circularity strategies for pharmaceuticals are not currently implemented in many countries, due to quality and safety barriers. The aim of this study was to determine whether the application of circular economy principles can minimise pharmaceutical waste and support sustainability in the pharmaceutical supply chain; Methods: a detailed narrative literature review was conducted in order to examine pharmaceutical waste creation, management, disposal, and the application of circular economy principles; Results: the literature scrutinised revealed that pharmaceutical waste is created by multiple routes, each of which need to be addressed by pharmacists and healthcare bodies through the Circular Economy 9R principles. These principles act as a binding mechanism for disparate waste management initiatives. Medicines, or elements of a pharmaceutical product, can be better managed to reduce waste, cost, and reduce negative environmental impacts through unsafe disposal. Conclusions: the study findings outline a Circular Pharmaceutical Supply Chain and suggests that it should be considered and tested as a sustainable supply chain proposition.

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“…To operationalize the assessment of the recommendation, we used the medicine supply chain “framework” by Silva et al, 2019. We adapted it to describe nodes at which quality assurance mechanisms would be required [ 39 ]. Eight mechanisms covering four nodes and the presence of a National Medicines Regulatory Authority were framed as criteria for assessing the NAPs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking national action plans on antimicrobial resistance in eight selected LMICs: Focus on the veterinary sector strategies

Orubu

Sutradhar

Zaman

et al. 2020

Journal of Global Health

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Background The WHO Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance (GAP) provides a global strategy for combating antimicrobial resistance. Context-specific national action plans (NAP) translate GAP to reflect local priorities. However, the process by which countries translate GAP into NAPs, and the resultant concordance, is not well-known. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the NAPs of eight selected low- and lower-middle income countries (LMICs) against GAP and each other to identify best practices with a focus on the veterinary sector. Methods Using the WHO GAP, and the WHO Manual for designing NAPs, we performed a policy content evaluation for: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan and Uganda. NAPs were assessed as concordant with GAP if they contained ≥80% of the recommendations. Operational and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plans were assessed as: Specific, Measurable, Assignable, and Time-bound (or SMAT). Financing, targets and legislation for antimicrobial use reduction, and medicine quality assurance mechanisms were assessed using a constructed framework. Countries were then ranked using a scoring system to identify best practices. Results All NAPs contained ≥80% of GAP’s recommendations. Whereas Nepal’s NAP was strategic, the rest were operational and uniformly SMAT; except Afghanistan’s. The M&E plans were not all SMAT. Detailed costing and funding sources were included for only Ghana and Uganda. Quantitative target for antimicrobial use reduction was found only in Nepal’s NAP and legislation only for Bangladesh. Ghana’s and Uganda’s medicine quality assurance mechanisms were the most robust. Conclusions All NAPs were concordant with GAP. However, gaps exist in relation to M&E, diminishing the countries’ capacity to be accountable and implement corrective action if necessary. Most lacked financing plans and targets for antimicrobial use reduction. The antimicrobial quality assurances strategies are limited in most of the NAPs assessed. A mechanism by which countries can benchmark their NAP would allow identification of specific limitations and areas of best practice.

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Critical Success Factors of a Drug Traceability System for Creating Value in a Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (PSC)

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

Mapping the Antimicrobial Supply Chain in Bangladesh: A Scoping-Review-Based Ecological Assessment Approach

Mapping the Antimicrobial Supply Chain in Bangladesh: A Scoping-Review-Based Ecological Assessment Approach

Can We Create a Circular Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (CPSC) to Reduce Medicines Waste?

Benchmarking national action plans on antimicrobial resistance in eight selected LMICs: Focus on the veterinary sector strategies

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