Critically Safe General Anaesthesia in Closed Loop: Availability and Challenges

Abstract

This paper provides an up-to-date review of intersecting know-how in engineering, medical and computer science frameworks. The text interweaves available measures, models, controls and technology for drug delivery systems in general anesthesia. The three main actors, equally important, along with their role in overall performance are presented and analyzed from a global perspective. The availability of patient information for personalized healthcare is systematically analyzed and the possibility to integrate this hybrid information sources into personalized patient models are critically sought. Finally, an important role is given to the accurate, crisp and real-time information availability in medical devices. Modular integration of new items is of paramount importance in terms of space, computational burden and number of training hours.

Optimization of impulsive discrete-time tumor chemotherapy

“…The engineering knowledge is applied to physiological control problems usually by considering continuous time systems and applying discrete time approximation of continuous time controllers. The most common applications, like artificial pancreas [2]- [5], or BIS control in anesthesia [6]- [8], allow the application of this approach, since the control signals (i.e., drug injections) can be delivered with a relatively low sampling time (measured in seconds), allowing efficient discrete time approximations. In most of the papers dealing with tumor therapies, the control problem was considered a continuous time problem as well [9]- [13].…”