Croiser les sources environnementales, historiques et sociologiques pour reconstituer les catastrophes naturelles. Le cas de la débâcle du Giétro du 16 juin 1818

Reynard, Emmanuel; Clivaz, Mélanie; Corboz, Pierre; Decorzant, Yann; Delarzes, Bertrand; Fellay, Jean-Charles; Hugon-Duc, Mélanie; Meilland, Arnaud; Payot, Christine

doi:10.4000/physio-geo.9504

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Another bias is due to the inaccuracy of the extent of the impact and damage reported. Indeed, the results confirm that the quality and accuracy of these data also depend on the magnitude of the event [96][97][98][99]. As Monsieurs et al [73] have already pointed out, this observation does not apply to very large-scale events, which have always been particularly well documented.…”

Section: An Unprecedented Geo-hydrological Hazard Event Inventory-a R...supporting

confidence: 58%

Geo-Hydrological Hazard Impacts, Vulnerability and Perception in Bujumbura (Burundi): A High-Resolution Field-Based Assessment in a Sprawling City

Nsabimana,

Henry,

Ndayisenga

et al. 2023

Land

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Rapid urbanization, demographic pressure, and sprawl of cities are key factors in the vulnerability and damage related to geo-hydrological hazards. Dysfunctional urban services that favor informal settlements are at the forefront of elements that increase vulnerability. Cases of cities that suffer from geo-hydrological hazards are increasingly reported in many regions, especially in tropical countries in the Global South. Yet, studies on such examples are rare and commonly overlook the human and societal components of hazard risks. Here, we focus on Bujumbura, a city in Africa that has experienced rapid unplanned growth and sprawl into unserviced areas because of the non-application or a lack of a valid urban planning law. After filling in the gap in data collected using high-resolution field surveys and focus group discussions, this study highlights various factors of vulnerability to geo-hydrological hazards in the urban area. Indeed, 108 events of flood and flash floods and 81 gullies were inventoried in Bujumbura between 1997 and 2021. These geo-hydrological hazards have had a significant impact, particularly on housing, and have caused increasing displacement of the population. This vulnerability is exacerbated by the inefficiency of the rainwater drainage system in the urban space. Our result demonstrates how the failure of the institutions responsible for urban management is at the top of all the causes of the vulnerability of the sprawling city. We anticipate that our empirical approach is an effective way to obtain concrete information to develop practical strategies to prevent and mitigate vulnerability to geo-hydrological hazards in urban sprawling contexts.

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Section: An Unprecedented Geo-hydrological Hazard Event Inventory-a R...supporting

confidence: 58%

Geo-Hydrological Hazard Impacts, Vulnerability and Perception in Bujumbura (Burundi): A High-Resolution Field-Based Assessment in a Sprawling City

Nsabimana,

Henry,

Ndayisenga

et al. 2023

Land

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“…Maximal water depth must have been 6 meters here. A systematic inventory of the damages for this village contains the type of sediments deposited on each plot of land (Reynard et al, 2019). On both flat sectors upand downstream the village various grain sizes are reported, from sand to small blocks, with the domination of sand and gravels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the Giétro disaster, future works intend to analyze additional geomorphological data registered in damage reports in order to improve knowledge on the hydro-morphologic behavior of the wave at the scale of the villages as it has already been done in Sembrancher (Reynard et al, 2019). Sedimentological investigations, including dating, should also be crossed with archeological data on the alluvial fan of the Dranse River in Martigny, not only for a better understanding of the course of the wave (various branches), but also for finding possible traces of older disasters, such as the 1595 outburst flood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To reconstruct the spatial extent of the flood, we have adopted an interdisciplinary approach (Reynard et al, 2019) by compiling both historical sources and geomorphological observations (Table 1), and considering also the simulations of Ancey et al (2019aAncey et al ( , 2019b in the area of Martigny, where fewer data exist.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most useful data are the one about destructions of buildings, bridges, roads, hydraulic infrastructures and those containing information about the damaged properties, like meadows, fields, orchards, stables, hay lofts or houses. Data indicating if the property was removed or covered by sediment were also very useful (Reynard et al, 2019). Each source that mentioned the disaster was inserted in a database containing 8 attributes (Table 2): identifier, archive number, origin, location, type of document (report, chronicle, list of damages, etc.…”

Section: Historical Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing past flood events from geomorphological and historical data. The Giétro outburst flood in 1818

et al. 2020

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The 16th of June 1818, the failure of the Giétro glacier in the Swiss Alps provoked an outburst flood that devastated the Bagnes valley, causing 34 deaths and major damages to buildings, road system, hydraulic infrastructures and crops. This disaster had a major impact on the economy of the valley and created a great movement of solidarity. It remains today a wellknown historical natural disaster. In order to reconstruct the course of the wave and to map the flood, we used an interdisciplinary approach by crossing historical and geomorphological data. We first compiled and mapped the large number of historical data available in the local and state archives. These data were then completed by geomorphological observations made on the field and on numerical documents. The resulting map presents the spatial extent of the flood and water depths. This article shows the validity of interdisciplinary approaches for reconstructing past natural disasters.

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Holocene glacier variations in the Alps

Le Roy,

Ivy-Ochs,

Nicolussi

et al. 2024

European Glacial Landscapes

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Croiser les sources environnementales, historiques et sociologiques pour reconstituer les catastrophes naturelles. Le cas de la débâcle du Giétro du 16 juin 1818

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Geo-Hydrological Hazard Impacts, Vulnerability and Perception in Bujumbura (Burundi): A High-Resolution Field-Based Assessment in a Sprawling City

Geo-Hydrological Hazard Impacts, Vulnerability and Perception in Bujumbura (Burundi): A High-Resolution Field-Based Assessment in a Sprawling City

Reconstructing past flood events from geomorphological and historical data. The Giétro outburst flood in 1818

Holocene glacier variations in the Alps

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