Crop and Soil Productivity Response to Corn Residue Removal

Wilhelm, Wallace; Johnson, Jane M. F.; Hatfield, Jerry L.; Voorhees, W. B.; Linden, D. R.

doi:10.2134/agronj2004.0001

Cited by 530 publications

(401 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the nitrogen levels maximum number of plants (7.84 m 2 ) were observed in the plots where 200 kg•ha −1 (N 2 ) were applied followed by the plot treated with 300 kg•ha −1 (N 3 ) and the minimum number of plants (7.35 m 2 ) were observed in (N 1 ) where minimum nitrogen 100 kg ha −1 were applied. These results are in line to [17] who reported that tillage systems greatly affected maize germination, its growth and development.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Shahid¹,

Zamir²,

Haq³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Shahid¹,

Zamir²,

Haq³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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“…Adverse effects of excessive corn stover harvest on soil structure and physical quality have been expected and documented by several authors (e.g., Wilhelm et al, 2004;Lal, 2007, 2009a). Therefore, the impacts of corn stover harvest and various tillage practices on soil physical quality for crop production should be assessed using properties or processes that can quantify the physical stresses being imposed on crops by various soils (da Silva and Kay, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

Tormena

Karlen

Logsdon

et al. 2017

Soil and Tillage Research

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and Cherubin, Maurício R., "Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on nearsurface soil physical quality" (2017). Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty. 1628Faculty. . http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/1628 Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality Excessive harvest of corn (Zea mays L.) stover for ethanol production has raised concerns regarding negative consequences on soil physical quality. Our objective was to quantify the impact of two tillage practices and three levels of corn stover harvest on near-surface soil physical quality through the Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR). We evaluated no harvest, moderate and high stover harvest treatments within no-tillage and chisel plow plots following seven years of continuous corn production. Forty undisturbed soil samples were taken from the 0-7.5 cm deep layer within each treatment and used to determine water retention curves, soil resistance to penetration and bulk density values (Bd). No-tillage plots had higher average soil bulk density and resistance to penetration values, and were more affected by stover harvest than chisel plow plots. The results confirmed that soil resistance to penetration determined the lower limit of the LLWR regardless of tillage or stover treatment, whereas soil aeration controlled the upper limit only at Bd > 1.45 and Bd > 1.55 Mg m À3 for chisel plow and no-tillage, respectively. The LLWR was smallest for no-tillage with moderate or high corn stover harvest, indicating poor soil physical condition for plant growth, while the largest LLWR occurred with moderate stover harvest and chisel plowing. The introduction of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) into an extended rotation with no-tillage improved the LLWR by reducing the potential crop growth restriction due to resistance to penetration. Although bulk density values were only occasionally higher than the critical level (Bd = 1.60 Mg m À3 for chisel plow and Bd = 1.64 Mg m À3 for no-tillage), lower soil structure quality was evident with no-tillage under moderate or high stover harvest and with chisel plowing under high stover removal. The LLWR was more sensitive than available soil water content for detecting tillage and stover harvest effects on soil structural degradation.

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“…More detailed discussions of potential impacts of stover removal on future productivity and soil quality are presented by Wilhelm et al [16], Wilts et al [17], and Kim and Dale [18]. Understanding this component of biomass removal, including the additional plant nutrients that will be removed and have to be replaced, is very important for the long-term success of the bio-energy system.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering, nutrient removal, and feedstock conversion evaluations of four corn stover harvest scenarios

Hoskinson

Karlen²,

Birrell

et al. 2007

Biomass and Bioenergy

170

150

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Crop residue has been identified as a near-term source of biomass for renewable fuel, heat, power, chemicals and other bio-materials. A prototype one-pass harvest system was used to collect residue samples from a corn (Zea mays L.) field near Ames, IA. Four harvest scenarios (low cut, high-cut top, high-cut bottom, and normal cut) were evaluated and are expressed as collected stover harvest indices (CSHI). High-cut top and high-cut bottom samples were obtained from the same plot in separate operations. Chemical composition, dilute acid pretreatment response, ethanol conversion yield and efficiency, and thermochemical conversion for each scenario were determined. Mean grain yield in this study (10.1 Mg ha −1 dry weight) was representative of the average yield (10.0 Mg ha −1 ) for the area (Story County, IA) and year (2005). The four harvest scenarios removed 6.7, 4.9, 1.7, and 5.1 Mg ha −1 of dry matter, respectively, or 0.60 for low cut, 0.66 for normal cut, and 0.61 for the total high-cut (top+bottom) scenarios when expressed as CSHI values. The macro-nutrient replacement value for the normal harvest scenario was $57.36 ha −1 or $11.27 Mg −1 . Harvesting stalk bottoms increased stover water content, risk of combine damage, estimated transportation costs, and left insufficient soil cover, while also producing a problematic feedstock. These preliminary results indicate harvesting stover (including the cobs) at a height of approximately 40 cm would be best for farmers and ethanol producers because of faster harvest speed and higher quality ethanol feedstock. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. AbstractCrop residue has been identified as a near-term source of biomass for renewable fuel, heat, power, chemicals and other bio-materials. A prototype one-pass harvest system was used to collect residue samples from a corn (Zea mays L.) field near Ames, IA. Four harvest scenarios (low cut, high-cut top, high-cut bottom, and normal cut) were evaluated and are expressed as collected stover harvest indices (CSHI). High-cut top and high-cut bottom samples were obtained from the same plot in separate operations. Chemical composition, dilute acid pretreatment response, ethanol conversion yield and efficiency, and thermochemical conversion for each scenario were determined. Mean grain yield in this study (10.1 Mg ha À1 dry weight) was representative of the average yield (10.0 Mg ha À1 ) for the area (Story County, IA) and year (2005). The four harvest scenarios removed 6.7, 4.9, 1.7, and 5.1 Mg ha À1 of dry matter, respectively, or 0.60 for low cut, 0.66 for normal cut, and 0.61 for the total high-cut (top+bottom) scenarios when expressed as CSHI values. The macronutrient replacement value for the normal harvest scenario was $57.36 ha À1 or $11.27 Mg À1 . Harvesting stalk bottoms increased stover water content, risk of combine damage, estimated transportation costs, and left insuffi...

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Crop and Soil Productivity Response to Corn Residue Removal

Cited by 530 publications

References 103 publications

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

Engineering, nutrient removal, and feedstock conversion evaluations of four corn stover harvest scenarios

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Crop and Soil Productivity Response to Corn Residue Removal

Cited by 530 publications

References 103 publications

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (&lt;i&gt;Zea mays&lt;/i&gt; L.)

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (&lt;i&gt;Zea mays&lt;/i&gt; L.)

Corn stover harvest and tillage impacts on near-surface soil physical quality

Engineering, nutrient removal, and feedstock conversion evaluations of four corn stover harvest scenarios

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Product

Resources

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Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Evaluating the Impact of Different Tillage Regimes and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)