Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on Brazilian agriculture

Oliveira, Charles Martins de; Auad, Alexander Machado; Mendes, S. M.; Frizzas, Marina Regina

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2013.10.022

Cited by 343 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The choice of a cover crop without considering these criteria, favors the formation of a green bridge since the pests have food and micro habitats throughout the year, favoring mainly the species that are polyphagous (Oliveira, Auad, Mendes, & Frizzas, 2014), as is the case of S. frugiperda, which has been registered in more than 80 plant species (Pogue, 2002), and H. armigera, registered in more than 60 species of cultivated and wild plants and in about 67 host families (Fitt, 1989;Pogue, 2004) and both have been recorded in the present survey in millet culture and are pests that occur in subsequent cultures in the study region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pearl Millet: A Green Bridge for Lepidopteran Pests

Favetti¹,

Braga-Santos²,

Massarolli³

et al. 2017

JAS

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This study evaluated the occurrence of lepidopteran pests on millet cultivated in off-season in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Larvae were collected from May to July 2013 in an area of 145 hectares located in Tangará da Serra, MT. After being collected, caterpillars were kept in the laboratory and fed an artificial diet until the pupal stage. After emergence, adults were dry mounted, identified, and deposited in the entomological collection of Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil. Adults obtained from 117 caterpillars were identified as Mocis latipes (Guenée), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), H. zea (Boddie), Mythimna (Pseudaletia) sequax Franclemont, Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus), and Leucania latiuscula Herrich-Schäffer. This study describes the first record of lepidopteran pests on millet plants in the state of Mato Grosso, and the incidence of lepidopterans in the system that uses millet as cover crop represents a risk of the occurrence of insect pests on subsequent crops on the straw of this grass.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pearl Millet: A Green Bridge for Lepidopteran Pests

Favetti¹,

Braga-Santos²,

Massarolli³

et al. 2017

JAS

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“…Somente na cultura do milho (Zea mays L.), no Brasil, os insetos-praga podem causar perdas aproximadas de 20% na produção, de cerca de 2 bilhões de dólares (Oliveira et al, 2014). Para o manejo da principal praga da cultura, a lagarta-docartucho [Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Índice de adaptação e tempo letal da lagarta-do-cartucho em milho Bt

Waquil

Pereira

Carvalho

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o índice de adaptação e o tempo letal de populações da lagarta-do-cartucho [Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)] em milho Bt que expressa as proteínas Cry1Ab, Cry1F, Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 e Vip3Aa20. Três bioensaios foram conduzidos com lagartas coletadas em Inhaúma, MG, e em Sinop, MT. As lagartas dessas populações foram alimentadas com folhas de milho não Bt e Bt. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: sobrevivência larval, biomassa de pupas e período de desenvolvimento larval. Em seguida, foram calculados os índices de adaptação e o tempo letal dessas populações. Para a análise do tempo letal, também foram utilizados dados de mortalidade de uma população obtida de milho Bt Cry1F em Piumhi, MG. O milho Bt Cry1Ab apresentou eficiência limitada, mas duradoura. Já os milhos Bt Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 e Vip3Aa20 reduziram o desempenho de S. frugiperda, respectivamente, a menos de 5 e 0%, independentemente da origem da colônia. A população originada de Sinop apresentou alto desempenho larval no milho Bt Cry1F, o que mostra sua resistência a essa proteína e certo nível de custo adaptativo. O tempo letal pode ser uma variável indicadora de evolução de resistência, pois é maior para as populações com maior adaptação.Termos para indexação: Spodoptera frugiperda, Zea mays, desempenho larval, manejo da resistência, manejo integrado de pragas, milho transgênico. Fitness index and lethal time of fall armyworm on Bt cornAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the fitness index and lethal time of fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)] populations on Bt corn expressing the Cry1Ab, Cry1F, Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2, and Vip3Aa20 proteins. Three bioassays were conducted with larvae collected at the municipality of Inhaúma, in the state of Minas Gerais, and at the municipality of Sinop, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Larvae from these populations were fed with leaves of non-Bt and Bt corn. The following variables were evaluated: larval survival, pupae mass, and larval development period. Then, the fitness indexes and lethal time of these populations were calculated. For lethal time analysis, mortality data of a population collected from Cry1F Bt corn in the municipality of Piumhi, in the state of Minas Gerais, were also used. The Cry1Ab Bt corn showed a limited but durable efficiency. The Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 and Vip3Aa20 Bt corn reduced S. frugiperda performance, respectively, to less than 5 and 0%, regardless of the origin of the colony. The population from Sinop showed high larval performance in Cry1F Bt corn, showing its resistance to this protein and a certain level of fitness cost. The lethal time can be a variable that indicates evolution of resistance, since it is greater for populations with greater fitness.

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“…There are more studies evaluating grape losses due to insects, although most of them focus on the effects of a single insect pest (Hoffman and Dennehy, 1987;Moschos, 2005), while others focus on losses in general, like a study in Brazil which registered 4 % of grape losses in the whole coun- try (Oliveira et al, 2014). Other studies analyzed the losses caused by Lobesia botrana in grapes, and authors registered 5.7 % losses in some years (Hoffman and Dennehy, 1987).…”

Section: Grape Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of native biodiversity on grape loss of four castes: testing the biotic resistance hypothesis

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Management of agricultural landscapes can influence the biodiversity and the ecological services provided by these ecosystems, such as natural biological pest control. Viticulture is a very important economic activity in most countries with Mediterranean climate, often shaping their landscapes and culture. Grape production is affected by a number of pests and diseases, and farmers use prophylactic and response-driven pesticides to control these pests. Here we quantified the main biotic causes of crop losses in four grape castes, two red (Touriga Nacional and Baga) and two white (Arinto and Chardonnay), and evaluated the potential effect of native biodiversity to provide biotic resistance to pest outbreaks and grape losses. Specifically, the diversity and abundance of bird and insect communities in these vineyards were quantified and divided into functional guilds (pest, neutral or auxiliary), to test whether these natural communities hold the potential to naturally control grape pests (biotic resistance hypothesis) under normal vineyard management (including pesticide application regimes). A potential association between distance to the vineyard edge and grape losses was also evaluated. We recorded a very small proportion of grape losses (mean = 0.6 %; max = 7.5 %), with insect pests showing a preference for the castes Baga (red) and Chardonnay (white), while bird pests avoided the caste Arinto (white). Grape color did not influence losses caused by insect pests, but birds showed a preference for red castes. The caste Baga was also more vulnerable to losses caused by fungi. Despite their low impact on grape production, most insects and birds detected in the six vineyards were pests, which entails a potentially low level of biotic resistance in this highly managed agricultural ecosystem. Further research is necessary to fully evaluate the role of functional biodiversity in vineyards, particularly if alternative production processes, such as organic farming, can increase the potential of native biodiversity to protect against grape losses from pests under lower regimes of chemical spraying.

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Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on Brazilian agriculture

Cited by 343 publications

References 26 publications

Pearl Millet: A Green Bridge for Lepidopteran Pests

Pearl Millet: A Green Bridge for Lepidopteran Pests

Índice de adaptação e tempo letal da lagarta-do-cartucho em milho Bt

Effects of native biodiversity on grape loss of four castes: testing the biotic resistance hypothesis

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