Cross border protection of the clusters' intellectual property in the agricultural sector

Abstract

Th e goal of the paper is to analyse the potential for the innovation of cross border clusters from the sector of agriculture. Th e methodology which is used is the research of intellectual property (IP) of the clusters' members and clusters by using a specifi c questionnaire for clusters in two countries: Hungary and Serbia. Th e analysis of results shows a high level of innovativeness within the clusters' members and the need of protection of their intellectual achievements. Th e similar results were achieved in both countries. Th ey show that the IP rights at the level of clusters should be protected as the cross border trademark and the name of origin. Th e scientifi c contribution of this paper is to introduce the concept of the joint cross border IP protection for two or more clusters from diff erent countries which might be applied across the EU.

Rebuilding a Cluster While Protecting Knowledge within Low-Medium-Tech Supplier SMEs: A Spanish and French Comparison

“…In the case of information technology clusters, results also insist on the causal relationship between the extent to and the way in which firms are locally concentrated (importance of different industries) and the cohesive nature of IP management in the inventor network, which can be a result of a very incremental and long-lasting clustering process [13]. Despite the diversity of industryspecific conditions, the process clusters must follow to manage their IP may be very similar, and IPR-based educational activities at the cluster level appear to be at stake [15,128]. The case studies of Kranjac et al deal with two agriculture and agro-food clusters that are geographically close but at the border of different countries [15].…”

“…Despite the diversity of industryspecific conditions, the process clusters must follow to manage their IP may be very similar, and IPR-based educational activities at the cluster level appear to be at stake [15,128]. The case studies of Kranjac et al deal with two agriculture and agro-food clusters that are geographically close but at the border of different countries [15]. A membership and a management team is set up at the cluster level.…”

“…As high-tech SMEs are often embedded within clusters, other authors have focused on the role of clusters in driving innovation while protecting IP within systems that are more open to knowledge sharing [12,13]. However, few of these results have been obtained with non-high-tech SMEs and, moreover, those embedded within clusters [14][15][16]. Hence, in a context of evolving clustering processes within specialized regions, our main question is how do LMT (low and medium technology) supplier SMEs learn and organize themselves at a territorial level in a new way to address the challenge of IP protection in an open innovation paradigm?…”

Cluster Model of Inter-Subject Interactions in Agro-Food Complex

“…It is customary to consider territorial product clusters as a promising form of organizing the interaction of agro-industrial entities, within which integration relations reach a fundamentally different level as a result of the emergence of conditions ensuring the mutually beneficial cooperation of integrating entities and the realization of their economic interests on the basis of a fundamentally different system of intersubjective relations and "soft" effect of the state in the intra-cluster interaction processes [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”