Cross‐Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the European Portuguese Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory in Adolescents With Musculoskeletal Chronic Pain

Andias, Rosa; Silva, Ana

doi:10.1111/papr.12875

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Support for the discriminant validity of the Serbian version of the CSI was provided by confirming the ability of total scores to discriminate among various types of chronically painful conditions and healthy controls, with presumably different levels of CS. Support for convergent validity of the CSI was provided by associations between CSI total scores, severity levels, and other CS‐related patient‐reported symptoms, including pain severity, sleep disturbance, cognitive functioning, pain catastrophizing, pain‐related fear‐avoidance beliefs, perceived level of disability, and perceived general mental and physical health, as has been found in previous studies 5–7 . The results of the present study provide additional support for the potential usefulness of the CSI in chronic pain assessment and treatment planning.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The CSI has been psychometrically evaluated in English and other Asian, South American, and European languages. It has been found to be psychometrically sound in all published cross‐cultural studies to the present, with test‐retest reliability coefficients from 0.85 to 0.99 and Cronbach’s alpha from 0.88 to 0.99 5–7 . Evidence of convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity, using both subjective (eg, patient‐reported) and objective (including quantitative sensory testing, brain gamma aminobutyric acid levels, serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor) CS‐related variables, have been found in a number of previous studies using multiple‐language versions of the CSI 5,8 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Differences in CSI scores have been found among patient groups and healthy controls, as well as among patient subgroups (including those with acute pain, chronic pain, and specific disorders such as fibromyalgia) 5 . The questionnaire has demonstrated favorable psychometric properties across cultures 5–8 . Multiple‐language versions are available at http://www.pridedallas.com/questionnaires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Serbian Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory

et al. 2020

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Objectives The goal of the present study was to explore additional evidence of validity of the Serbian version of the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), a patient‐reported outcome measure of symptoms that have been found to be associated with central sensitization (CS). The CSI has been found to be psychometrically sound, and has demonstrated evidence of convergent and discriminant validity in numerous published studies and in multiple languages. Methods CSI data were collected from 399 patients with chronic pain who had various diagnoses and from 146 pain‐free controls. In addition, the patient sample completed a battery of validated patient‐reported outcome measures of sleep problems, cognitive problems, pain catastrophizing, pain‐related fear‐avoidance, decreased quality of life, and decreased perception of social support. Six patient subgroups were formed, with presumably different levels of CS (including those with fibromyalgia, multiple pain sites, and localized pain sites). Results Significant differences were found in total CSI scores among the controls and patient subgroups. Those with fibromyalgia and multiple pathologies scored highest and the control subjects scored lowest. Other patient‐reported CS‐related symptom dimensions were significantly correlated with total CSI scores. When the patients were divided into CSI severity subgroups (from subclinical to extreme), the severity of these other symptom dimensions increased with the severity of CSI scores. Conclusions The current study successfully demonstrated additional evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity of the Serbian version of the CSI.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Serbian Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory

et al. 2020

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“…Although it has a short, less than ten year history, the CSI has been translated and validated in adult populations into many languages, including Dutch [20], Spanish [21], Brazilian Portuguese [22], Gurajati [23], Serbian [24], French [25], Japanese [26], Greek [27], Nepalese [28], Russian [29], and Italian [30]. Additionally, the CSI has been validated in an adolescent population in European Portuguese [31]. Published results from previous cultural adaptations and validations suggest that the CSI is a reliable, valid, and consistent measure [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Finnish version of the central sensitization inventory and its relationship with dizziness and postural control

et al. 2021

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Background Central Sensitization (CS) involves dysfunction in neurophysiological mechanisms that increase neuronal responses to both noxious and non-noxious stimuli in the central nervous system. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is considered the leading patient-reported outcome measure for assessing CS-related symptoms. The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the CSI into Finnish (CSI-FI) and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods Translation and cross-cultural validation of the CSI was conducted according to established guidelines. The validation sample was 229 subjects, including 42 pain free controls and 187 subjects with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The CSI-FI was evaluated for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction, relationship with subject-reported outcome measures [Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK), the Depression scale (DEPS), 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5 L-5D), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and Pain and Sleep Questionnaire Three-Item Index (PSQ-3)], pain history, subjective symptoms of dizziness, and CS-related diagnoses on CSI part B. Furthermore, we studied the ability of the CSI-FI to distinguish pain free controls, subjects with chronic pain in a single body area, and subjects with multisite chronic pain. In addition, we studied the relationship of CSI-FI scores with postural control on a force plate. Results The CSI-FI demonstrated good internal consistency (0.884) and excellent test-retest reliability (0.933) with a 7 ± 1 day gap between test administrations. Exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction yielded a one factor solution. Fair to good correlations were found between the CSI-FI and the TSK, DEPS, EQ-5 L-5D, RMDQ, and PSQ-3. Subjective symptoms of dizziness correlated better with CSI-FI scores than any of the CS-related diagnoses on CSI part B. Total CSI-FI scores successfully distinguished between pain free controls, subjects with chronic pain in a single body area, and subjects with multisite chronic pain. The multisite pain group reported significantly more dizziness symptoms than the other two groups. Force plate measurements showed no relationship between postural control and CSI-FI scores. Conclusion The CSI-FI translation was successfully cross-culturally adapted and validated into Finnish. CSI-FI psychometric properties and scores were all in acceptable levels and in line with previous CSI validations. The CSI-FI appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing CS-related symptomology in Finnish-speaking populations.

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“…In our previous study, CSS and catastrophic thinking were also associated with pain intensity [ 34 ], and the results of the amount of change in the present study showed a similar trend. In addition, previous cross-sectional studies have reported a correlation between CSI and PCS [ 43 , 44 ]. However, the change in CSS was not correlated with the change in catastrophic thinking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Sensitivity Is Associated with Poor Recovery of Pain: Prediction, Cluster, and Decision Tree Analyses

Shigetoh

Koga

Tanaka

et al. 2020

Pain Research and Management

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The process of pain recovery varies and can include the recovery, maintenance, or worsening of symptoms. Many cases of patients with pain show a tendency of recovering as predicted; however, some do not. The characteristics of cases that do not fit the prediction of pain recovery remain unclear. We performed cluster and decision tree analyses to reveal the characteristics in cases that do not fit the prediction of pain recovery. A total of 43 patients with musculoskeletal pain (nonoperative: 22 patients, operative: 13 patients) and central pain (brain disease: 5 patients, spinal cord disease: 3 patients) were included in this longitudinal study. Central sensitivity syndrome (CSS) outcome measures (Central Sensitisation Inventory), pain intensity-related outcome measures (Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 (SFMPQ-2)), and cognitive-emotional outcome measures (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Pain Catastrophising Scale-4) of all patients were assessed at baseline and after 1-2 months. Regression analysis was used to calculate pain recovery prediction values. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on the predicted change of SFMPQ-2 and the observed change of SFMPQ-2 was used to extract subgroups that fit and those that do not fit pain recovery prediction. To extract the characteristics of subgroups that do not fit the prediction of pain recovery, a decision tree analysis was performed. The level of significance was set at 5%. In the results of cluster analysis, patients were classified into three subgroups. Cluster 1 was characterised by worse pain intensity from baseline, cluster 2 by pain, having recovered less and mildly than the predicted value, and Cluster 3 by a marked recovery of pain. In the results of the decision tree analysis, the CSI change was extracted as an indicator related to the classification of all clusters. Our findings suggest that the poor improvement of CSS is characteristic in cases that do not fit the prediction of pain recovery.

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Cross‐Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the European Portuguese Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory in Adolescents With Musculoskeletal Chronic Pain

Cited by 22 publications

References 61 publications

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Serbian Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Serbian Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Finnish version of the central sensitization inventory and its relationship with dizziness and postural control

Central Sensitivity Is Associated with Poor Recovery of Pain: Prediction, Cluster, and Decision Tree Analyses

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