Cross-Disciplinary Research as a Platform for Philosophical Research

Crowley, Stephen; Gonnerman, Chad; O’Rourke, Michael

doi:10.1017/apa.2016.16

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Crossdisciplinary approaches that facilitate knowledge exchange and collaboration between sectors are needed to help conservationists better understand the diverse factors driving IWT and design more holistic and effective interventions (Zscheischler et al, 2017;Mahajan et al, 2019, p. 2). Cross-disciplinary approaches, however, bring their own challenges, especially in convening diverse stakeholders with their own perspectives, theories, and experience (Crowley et al, 2016). While there are many more tools that need further exploration and testing, frameworks such as the those described here can help overcome some of these challenges by providing a structure for diverse teams to develop shared problem definitions, and plan, coordinate, and evaluate project actions (Lachapelle et al, 2003;Schwartz et al, 2018;Aguirre et al, 2021;Wilcox and Steele, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Approaches to Combating Wildlife Trafficking: Expanding Existing Frameworks to Facilitate Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration

Browne¹,

Ronis²,

Miller³

et al. 2021

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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Wildlife trafficking is a complex conservation issue that threatens thousands of species around the world and, in turn, negatively affects biodiversity and human well-being. It occurs in varied social-ecological contexts; includes numerous and diverse actors along the source-transit-destination trade chain, who are involved in illicit and often covert human behaviors driven by interacting social, economic, cultural, and political factors; and involves numerous stakeholders comprising multiple sectors and disciplines. Such wicked problems can be difficult to define and usually lack simple, clear solutions. Systems thinking is a way to understand and address complex issues such as wildlife trafficking and requires multisectoral, cross-disciplinary collaboration to comprehensively understand today's increasingly complex problems and develop holistic and novel solutions. We review methods utilized to date to combat wildlife trafficking and discuss their strengths and limitations. Next, we describe the continuum of cross-disciplinarity and present two frameworks for understanding complex environmental issues, including the illegal trade in wildlife, that can facilitate collaboration across sectors and disciplines. The Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation provides guidance and tools for defining complex social-ecological systems and identifying strategic points of intervention. One Health focuses on the nexus of human, wildlife, and environmental health, and can provide a framework to address concerns around human-wildlife interactions, including those associated with the illegal wildlife trade. Finally, we provide recommendations for expanding these and similar frameworks to better support communication, learning, and collaboration in cross-disciplinary efforts aimed at addressing international wildlife trafficking and its intersections with other complex, global conservation issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Approaches to Combating Wildlife Trafficking: Expanding Existing Frameworks to Facilitate Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration

Browne¹,

Ronis²,

Miller³

et al. 2021

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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“…From philosophy, there was also an argument in favor of interdisciplinarity, stressing that these investigations offer opportunities for philosophical work since they shed new light on old philosophical problems and open the study to further questions of philosophical interest (Crowley, Gonnerman, & O'Rourke, 2016). It was thus proposed to develop a Philosophy of Interdisciplinarity (Schmidt, 2007) and consider it an area within the philosophy of science (Mäki, 2016).…”

Section: The Challenge Of Interdisciplinaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intellectual Virtues for Interdisciplinary Research: A Consensual Qualitative Analysis

Vanney,

Mesurado,

Sáenz

et al. 2023

Cognitive Science

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Through a qualitative approach, this study identified a specific subgroup of intellectual virtues necessary for developing interdisciplinary research. Cognitive science was initially conceived as a new discipline emerging from various fields, including philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, and anthropology. Thus, a frequent debate among cognitive scientists is whether the initial multidisciplinary program successfully developed into a mature interdisciplinary field or evolved into a set of independent sciences of cognition. For several years, interdisciplinarity has been an aspiration for the academy, although the difficulties limiting the success of interdisciplinary collaborations have begun to erode that initial optimism. Our analysis suggests that the problems hindering the success of interdisciplinarity can be overcome by fostering certain intellectual character strengths in scholars. The Consensual Qualitative Research method was used to analyze nine semi‐structured interviews involving researchers with a long personal trajectory of interdisciplinary research between the sciences and the humanities. Three virtue domains emerged from the interviews’ analysis: (i) intellectual virtues, (ii) social virtues, and (iii) interpersonal intellectual virtues. The virtues of the third domain intersect with intellectual and social ones. They are intellectual because they pursue epistemic goods. But, unlike other intellectual virtues, they only develop in interpersonal settings, so they can also be considered to have a social component. Interpersonal intellectual virtues can be thus defined as intellectual character traits that facilitate the acquisition of knowledge (intellectual motivation) with and through other people in a reciprocal way (social environment). These virtues are essential for developing any successful collective epistemic enterprise, interdisciplinary research being a privileged context where these qualities manifest themselves in a relevant way.

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“…We choose the term cross-disciplinary collaboration (Wille, Reckinger, Kmec & Hesse, 2016) with reference to Balsiger's "cross-disciplinary scientific practice" (2005, p. 142) to encompass the main types of scientific collaboration, ranging from multidisciplinarity to interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity 1 (Crowley, Gonnerman & O'Rourke, 2016). Using an umbrella term favours a perception of collaborative research with the flexible imbrications of its relevant subforms, seen as interrelated, interacting among each other and situated on a continuum.…”

Section: Continuum Of Different Forms Of Cross-disciplinary Collaboramentioning

confidence: 99%

Situative Interdisciplinarity: Empirical Reflections on Ten Years of Cross-Disciplinary Research

Reckinger

Wille

2018

Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies

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Given the current call for interdisciplinarity, we reflect on pragmatic methodological implementations of collaborative research – by drawing on empirical evidence from two large-scale cross-disciplinary research projects and by theoretically framing them in trilingual contexts (German, French, and English). These are two major innovations compared to the existing body of literature in this domain. Our empirical analysis shows that multi-, inter- or trans-disciplinary collaboration is an oscillating process along a spectrum of cross-disciplinarity – spanning additive, converging and synthesizing work patterns, i.e. multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinarity. Such an umbrella-term avoids the common amalgamation of ‘interdisciplinarity’ as the overarching category (cross-disciplinarity of whatever form) and one of the relevant subcategories (the specific work form that a research team chooses). Concretely, if the majority of methods are developed through communal negotiation processes, then a truly interdisciplinary analysis of research results can only be guaranteed through recursive self-reflexive loops. Initial research questions may still be additive and interactions can oscillate during the project process between addition und tentative convergence. We label this process situative interdisciplinarity. Multi-, inter- and transdisciplinarity are thus subsumed as a processual entity: flexible, possibly hybrid subforms of cross-disciplinarity. It needs constant reactivation, framing, timing and mediation by project managers. The major challenge lies in the collaborative transfer of concepts, theories, methods and research subjects. This transfer requires translation, explication and transposition of the various disciplinary ‘languages’ and can only be converged in an open-minded, team-oriented and reflexive work environment.

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Cross-Disciplinary Research as a Platform for Philosophical Research

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Systems Approaches to Combating Wildlife Trafficking: Expanding Existing Frameworks to Facilitate Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration

Systems Approaches to Combating Wildlife Trafficking: Expanding Existing Frameworks to Facilitate Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration

Intellectual Virtues for Interdisciplinary Research: A Consensual Qualitative Analysis

Situative Interdisciplinarity: Empirical Reflections on Ten Years of Cross-Disciplinary Research

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