Cross-hole acoustic surveying in basalt

Rezowalli, J.J.; King, M. S.; Myer, Larry R.

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(84)90798-8

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Laboratory measurements of Vp and V, and attenuation characteristics on intact specimens, dry and water-saturated, permitted certain conclusions to be drawn from the field measurements. In a preliminary report Rezowalli, King and Myer (1984) mention consistently high values of Poisson's ratio (v = 0.27 or higher) from crosshole measurements made throughout the rock mass. Laboratory values of v indicate that to yield field values this high, the rock mass was probably water-saturated during the field experiments.…”

Section: Borehole Nomentioning

confidence: 92%

Experimental Studies of Elastic‐wave Propagation in a Columnar‐jointed Rock Mass*

King

Myer

Rezowalli

1986

Geophysical Prospecting

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KING, M.S., MYER, L.R. and REZOWALLI, J.J. 1986, Experimental Studies of Elastic-Wave Propagation in a Columnar-Jointed Rock Mass, Geophysical Prospecting 34, 1185-1 199.Results are presented of a series of cross-hole acoustic measurements made between four horizontal boreholes drilled from a near-surface underground opening situated in a basaltic rock mass. The objectives of the program were to assess the extent of blast damage around the opening, and to evaluate the rock mass characteristics and their spatial variation around the opening. The acoustic velocity and attenuation data are indicative of an anisotropic, jointed rock mass, with a greater intensity of jointing along travel paths in the horizontal than the vertical direction. Low acoustic P-and S-velocities are indicative of blast damage and of zones of intense jointing or fracturing. In this case blast damage extends to approximately 1.5 m from the face. Attenuation data appear to be less sensitive in distinguishing between the blast-damaged zone and intense vertical jointing and fracturing in the virgin rock mass. Taken together with field data, laboratory measurements of P-and S-wave velocities on intact core samples suggest that the rock mass is probably water saturated.

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Section: Borehole Nomentioning

confidence: 92%

Experimental Studies of Elastic‐wave Propagation in a Columnar‐jointed Rock Mass*

King

Myer

Rezowalli

1986

Geophysical Prospecting

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“…The equivalent continuum analysis for the long‐wavelength regime shows that the effective rock mass compliance is the sum of the fractures and the intact rock compliances (Backus, 1962; Nur, 1971; Schoenberg & Sayers, 1995; White, 2000). The presence of parallel fractures tends to induce velocity anisotropy in long‐wavelength propagation, which scales with fracture density (columnar basalt: King et al., 1986; Rezowalli et al., 1984; fractured granitic rocks: Moos & Zoback, 1983; and fault zones: Boness & Zoback, 2004; Mooney & Ginzburg, 1986; Rempe et al., 2013). Experimental results using one‐dimensional configurations show that the long‐wavelength P and S wave velocities are stress‐dependent and sensitive to fracture geometry and gouge properties (Cha et al., 2009; Fratta & Santamarina, 2002; Mohd‐Nordin et al., 2014; Sebastian & Sitharam, 2016; Stacy, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Wavelength Propagation in Fractured Rock Masses (3D Stress Field)

2022

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Fractured rocks affect a wide range of natural processes and engineering systems. In most cases, the seismic characterization of fractured rock masses in the field involves wavelengths much longer than the fracture spacing; reproducing this condition in the laboratory is experimentally challenging. This experimental investigation explores the effect of fracture rock fabric and the 3D stress field on P wave propagation in the long‐wavelength regime using a large‐scale true triaxial device. P wave velocities increase with stress in the propagation direction and follow a power law of the form Vp = α(σ’/kPa)β; analyses and experimental results show that stress‐sensitive fracture stiffness and fracture density define the α‐factor and β‐exponent; conversely, long‐wavelength velocity versus stress data can be analyzed to identify the stress‐dependent fracture stiffness. P wave velocities exhibit hysteretic behavior caused by inelastic fracture deformation and fabric changes. During deviatoric loading, the P wave velocity decreases in the two constant‐stress directions due to the development of internal force chains and the ensuing three‐dimensional deformation. Following a load increment, time‐dependent contact deformations result in P wave velocity changes during the first several hours for the tested carbonate rocks; the asymptotic change in velocity is more pronounced for higher stress changes and stress levels. The fracture network geometry that defines the rock fabric acts as a low‐pass filter to wave propagation, so that wavelengths must be longer than two times the fracture spacing to propagate (Brillouin dispersion); the long‐wavelength velocity and the fracture spacing determine the cutoff frequency. Fabric anisotropy contributes to anisotropic low‐pass filtering effects in the rock mass.

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A Novel Dual-Scale Equivalent Model for Analyzing the Frequency Response of Wave Propagation in Jointed Rock Mass

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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Cross-hole acoustic surveying in basalt

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Experimental Studies of Elastic‐wave Propagation in a Columnar‐jointed Rock Mass*

Experimental Studies of Elastic‐wave Propagation in a Columnar‐jointed Rock Mass*

Long‐Wavelength Propagation in Fractured Rock Masses (3D Stress Field)

A Novel Dual-Scale Equivalent Model for Analyzing the Frequency Response of Wave Propagation in Jointed Rock Mass

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