2005
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409608102
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Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human

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Cited by 652 publications
(701 citation statements)
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“…However, several lines of evidence suggested that the civets may have served only as an amplification host for SARS-CoV and provided the environment for efficient interspecies transmissions. First, the Ka͞Ks ratios (rate of nonsynonymous mutation͞rate of synonymous mutation) of the S, orf3a, and nsp3 genes of the civet strains in both the 2003 and the minor 2004 outbreaks were high, suggesting a rapidly evolving process of gene adaptation in the animals (10). Second, although the S proteins of SARS-CoV isolated from humans during the 2003 epidemic were shown to bind to and use both human and palm-civet ACE2 efficiently, isolates from the 2004 minor outbreaks and those from palm civets used human ACE2 markedly less efficiently (11).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…However, several lines of evidence suggested that the civets may have served only as an amplification host for SARS-CoV and provided the environment for efficient interspecies transmissions. First, the Ka͞Ks ratios (rate of nonsynonymous mutation͞rate of synonymous mutation) of the S, orf3a, and nsp3 genes of the civet strains in both the 2003 and the minor 2004 outbreaks were high, suggesting a rapidly evolving process of gene adaptation in the animals (10). Second, although the S proteins of SARS-CoV isolated from humans during the 2003 epidemic were shown to bind to and use both human and palm-civet ACE2 efficiently, isolates from the 2004 minor outbreaks and those from palm civets used human ACE2 markedly less efficiently (11).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Most differences between the bat-SARS-CoV genomes and human and civet SARS-CoV genomes were observed in the S gene, ORF 3, and ORF 8 (Table 4), which also were the regions where most variations were observed in human SARS-CoV and civet SARSCoV genomes (10). Compared with SARS-CoV from humans and civets, there were 11 insertions and 15 deletions in the bat-SARS-CoV genome, located in the 5Ј noncoding region, nsp3 of ORF 1ab, S gene, ORF 3, and ORF 8.…”
Section: Wild Animal Surveillance Identification Of Bat-sars-cov Anmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…raccoon dogs, masked palm civets and hog badger and spilling over to human population through close contact with these animals or their tissues. Later on adaptive mutations in virus genome lead to human to human transmission of virus (Song et al, 2005).…”
Section: Sars-cov Like Virusesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further scattered outbreaks of the infection were reported late in 2003 and early in 2004 in Singapore, Taiwan, Beijing and Guangzhou. All of them were linked to the cases of laboratory contamination and virus transmission from animals to humans [9], after the ban was lifted to sell palm civets in wet markets and serve palm civet dishes in restaurants imposed during the atypical pneumonia outbreak [10].…”
Section: New Coronavirusesmentioning
confidence: 99%