Cross-National Analysis of the Associations among Mental Disorders and Suicidal Behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

Nock, Matthew K.; Hwang, Irving; Sampson, Nancy A.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Angermeyer, Matthias C.; Beautrais, Annette L.; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Bruffærts, Ronny; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Graaf, Ron de; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep María; Hu, Chiyi; Huang, Yueqin; Karam, Elie G.; Kawakami, Norito; Kovess, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Posada‐Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Томов, Тома; Viana, Maria Carmen; Williams, David R.

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000123

Cited by 666 publications

(601 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…We were also able to replicate the results of prior studies (e.g., Kessler et al, 2009) showing that younger age and minority sexual orientation are significant risk factors for suicidal behaviour. Interestingly, despite numerous studies documenting a strong association between the presence of mental disorders, particularly depression, and suicidal behaviour, neither anxiety or depression were significantly related to either suicide ideation or attempts in the multinomial logistic regression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Differentiating suicide attempters from suicide ideators using the Integrated Motivational–Volitional model of suicidal behaviour

Dhingra

Boduszek

O’Connor

2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

140

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Differentiating suicide attempters from suicide ideators using the Integrated Motivational–Volitional model of suicidal behaviour

Dhingra

Boduszek

O’Connor

2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

140

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“…Mental disorders are, for example, known to be among the strongest predictors of suicidal behaviour (Harris & Barraclough, 1997; Nock, Hwang, Sampson, & Kessler, 2010). Yet, a large cross-national analysis from the World Health Organization (WHO) world mental health surveys ( n = 108,664) found that only close to half of individuals who reported having had serious suicidal thoughts actually reported a previous psychiatric disorder (Nock et al, 2009). For effective prevention of suicidality and suicide risk, this highlights the need to understand more about other risk factors, such as exposure to traumatic events.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between different traumatic life events and suicidality

Ásgeirsdóttir

Valdimarsdóttir

Thorsteinsdottir

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Traumatic life events have been associated with increased risk of various psychiatric disorders, even suicidality. Our aim was to investigate the association between different traumatic life events and suicidality, by type of event and gender. Methods: Women attending a cancer screening programme in Iceland (n = 689) and a random sample of men from the general population (n = 709) were invited to participate. In a web-based questionnaire, life events were assessed with the Life Stressor Checklist – Revised, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criterion was used to identify traumatic life events. Reports of lifetime suicidal thoughts, self-harm with suicidal intent and suicide attempt were considered as lifetime suicidality. We used Poisson regression, adjusted for demographic factors, to express relative risks (RRs) as a measure of the associations between traumatic events and suicidality. Results: Response rate was 66% (922/1398). The prevalence of lifetime traumatic events was 76% among women and 77% among men. Lifetime suicidality was 11% among women and 16% among men. An overall association of having experienced traumatic life events with suicidality was observed [RR 2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–3.75], with a stronger association for men (RR 3.14, 95% CI 1.25–7.89) than for women (RR 1.45, 95% CI 0.70–2.99). Increased likelihood for suicidality was observed among those who had experienced interpersonal trauma (RR 2.97, 95% CI 1.67–5.67), childhood trauma (RR 4.09, 95% CI 2.27–7.36) and sexual trauma (RR 3.44, 95% CI 1.85–6.37), with a higher likelihood for men. In addition, an association between non-interpersonal trauma and suicidality was noted among men (RR 3.27, 95% CI 1.30–8.25) but not women (RR 1.27, 95% CI 0.59–2.70). Conclusion: Findings indicate that traumatic life events are associated with suicidality, especially among men, with the strongest association for interpersonal trauma.

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“…[1][2][3] Often defined as an indicator of severe emotional distress, suicidal ideation (SI) is one of the most robust predictors of self-harm, suicide attempts and completed suicide. 2,[4][5][6] SI that recurs over time could indicate ongoing severe depression [7][8][9] and may be linked to an increased risk of making suicide plans and suicide attempts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the frequency of SI is high during adolescence and young adulthood. 2,3,8,14,15 A 2008 systematic review suggested that the 12-month prevalence estimates of SI are 15.0-29.0% (interquartile range [IQR], 16.9-24.1) in adolescents aged 12-17 years compared to 2.1-10.0% (IQR, 2.4-6.7) in adults ≥18 years. 2 The lifetime prevalence estimates of SI in adults ≥18 years is 5.6-14.3% 2 compared to 18% in young adults age 19-24 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent suicidal ideation in young adults

Dugas

Low

O’Loughlin

et al. 2015

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: Recurrent suicidal ideation (SI) may be linked to an increased risk of making suicide plans and suicide attempts. The objectives were to describe the frequency of SI recurrence in a population-based sample of young adults, and to compare mental health diagnoses, substance use, use of health services and medication use among those with and without recurrent SI.METHODS: Data were collected from 785 participants at age 20 years and again at age 24. Chi-square tests were used to compare participants with and without recurrent SI. RESULTS:Of 56 participants who reported SI at age 20, 32% reported SI four years later. Thirty-nine percent of participants with recurrent SI reported poor mental health compared to 8% of participants who never reported SI; 11% (vs. 4%) had sought professional help, 44% (vs. 8%) had been diagnosed with a mood and/or anxiety disorder, and 22% (vs. 2%) had taken medication for a mental health problem. Past-year substance use was higher among those with recurrent SI than among those with no SI: 67% vs. 42% smoked cigarettes, 56% vs. 39% used other tobacco products, 89% vs. 74% binge drank, 56% vs. 42% used marijuana and 33% vs. 17% reported using illicit drugs. CONCLUSION:One third of young adults with a history of SI reported SI four years later. Because SI can recur, clinicians should monitor young adults with a history of SI, assess their substance use and mood/anxiety disorders and if needed, refer them for psychological or psychiatric care.KEY WORDS: Longitudinal studies; suicidal ideation; young adult La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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Cross-National Analysis of the Associations among Mental Disorders and Suicidal Behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

Cited by 666 publications

References 68 publications

Differentiating suicide attempters from suicide ideators using the Integrated Motivational–Volitional model of suicidal behaviour

Differentiating suicide attempters from suicide ideators using the Integrated Motivational–Volitional model of suicidal behaviour

The association between different traumatic life events and suicidality

Recurrent suicidal ideation in young adults

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