Cross-National Examination of the Relationship Between Gender Equality and Female Homicide and Rape Victimization

Chon, Don Soo; Clifford, Janice E.

doi:10.1177/1077801220954283

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Prior application of opportunity theories to gender-based violence has focused on either the individual-level (Reyns and Scherer 2019;Schwartz and Pitts 1995) or the country-level (Chon and Clifford 2020;Kaya and Cook 2010). However, there is reason to suspect that individual-level factors do not operate the same way across nations with different historical, cultural, and social norms and policies (Heise and Kotsadam 2015).…”

Section: Cross-level Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of Individual and National Opportunity to the Experience of Intimate Partner Violence among Married Women in the Global South

Hayes

2021

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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Objectives: Building on the ecological model, multicontextual opportunity theory, and southern criminology, the study developed individual- and country-level indicators of opportunity to understand the experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) among married women in the Global South. Opportunity-related indicators considered the impact of globalization and variability across nations categorized as part of the Global South. Methods: Relying on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys and open-source country indicators, mixed effects logistic regression examined opportunity-related indicators on a sample of married women ( N = 239,554) from the Global South ( N = 41). Results: Exposure to motivated offenders was associated with higher odds of IPV. Individual-level vulnerability was associated with higher odds of IPV. Isolation and interviews that were interrupted, indicators of guardianship, were associated with higher odds of IPV while the number of people in the household was associated with lower odds. More Parliamentary seats held by women was associated with higher odds of IPV. Nine cross-level interactions were significant. Conclusions: National-level factors moderated the influence of individual-level opportunity, reinforcing the Global South is not monolithic. The traveling of IPV programing from the Global North to the Global South is likely ineffective. Programs must consider how context shapes individual experiences.

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Section: Cross-level Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of Individual and National Opportunity to the Experience of Intimate Partner Violence among Married Women in the Global South

Hayes

2021

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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“…Pero otros estudios van en el sentido opuesto, esto es, que la desigualdad de género no es significativa en el homicidio de mujeres (Chon & Clifford, 2020), y que aún en países con discriminación de género se encontrarían bajas tasas de homicidio (Narvey et al, 2021).…”

Section: Revisión De Los Estudiosunclassified

Revisión de estudios transnacionales sobre las tasas del delito de homicidio

Jiménez

2021

Rev. Fac. Derecho

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El presente artículo tiene por finalidad hacer un análisis general sobre los estudios empíricos transnacionales sobre el homicidio. Con ese objetivo, se dispone a efectuar un análisis bibliométrico básico y una revisión sistemática de la literatura pertinente, y en particular, poner énfasis en los que se consideran factores de variación de las tasas del delito de homicidio. Se efectúa en su mayoría un resumen crítico de la literatura, sintetizándolos en la expresión de la muestra y la relación de variables, esto es, la variable independiente que podría correlacionarse con las tasas de homicidio. En otros casos que se consideraron importantes, además de esto, nos detuvimos para exponer en detalle el método y las principales conclusiones. Se finaliza con la exposición delas principales dimensiones de la literatura que aborda este tema, y con algunas observaciones sobre las metodologías más recurrentes de los estudios analizados.

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“…A study by Chon and Clifford (2020) examined the impact of gender equality on female homicide and rape using cross-sectional data about 70 countries. The study's indicators of women equality included female-to-male income ratio, the percent of female seats in the national parliament, and a composite Gender Development Index which summarizes women's gains in health, income and education.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cross-National Relationship Between Women’s Autonomy and Long-Term Homicide Trends

2021

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Some researchers argue that growing women's autonomy has worsened homicide victimization rates, attributed to a backlash effect. Others argue that increased women's autonomy has an ameliorative effect, lessening homicide rates. To address this ambiguity, this article puts forward both methodological and theoretical modifications. First, data (from the UNODC Global Study on Homicide) is analyzed longitudinally rather than cross-sectionally. This analytical focus on changing trends is more appropriate to test existing theories. Second, we use measures of women's autonomy across a number of social institutions, estimating and comparing effects in terms of women's gains in political office, the labor market, and for adolescent fertility. Women's gains in political office have no relationship with homicide rates. Integration of women in the labor market shows a curvilinear relationship, demonstrating a backlash affect until women are about 40% of the labor market, when homicide rates start declining. However, for low-income countries the labor market integration shows a linear, positive effect on homicide rates. Adolescent fertility has a strong, positive association with homicide trends-in fact, among the strongest of all predictors. Finally, gains in women's autonomy are similarly consequential for the homicide against males and females. Overall, findings show that different measures of autonomy have distinct effects, and that gains amongst a restricted political elite do not necessarily spill over to other social institutions, such as the private sphere of families, which can be more impactful for changes in homicide rates.

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Cross-National Examination of the Relationship Between Gender Equality and Female Homicide and Rape Victimization

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Development and Application of Individual and National Opportunity to the Experience of Intimate Partner Violence among Married Women in the Global South

Development and Application of Individual and National Opportunity to the Experience of Intimate Partner Violence among Married Women in the Global South

Revisión de estudios transnacionales sobre las tasas del delito de homicidio

The Cross-National Relationship Between Women’s Autonomy and Long-Term Homicide Trends

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