Cross-National Patterns of Retirement and Poverty among Men and Women in the Mid 1980s: Full Stop or Gradual Withdrawal?

Smeeding, Timothy M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-22668-9_4

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This work builds on previous research by both authors (Smeeding 1992;Quinn 1997). We will argue that retirement and labor force withdrawal mean different things to workers and to family economic status depending on the nature of each nation's disability, unemployment and retirement system, and on their labor market institutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…We will follow the lead of Smeeding (1992), and use several definitions of "retirement" to examine retirement patterns across nations. We will see to what extent beneficiaries mix employment and social pensions and will investigate the impact of retirement on one aspect of economic wellbeing-poverty.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data used in this paper come from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), a social science database that now covers 25 nations and 75 databases. 2 The LIS countries and data years used in the paper are Australia (1985( -1986( and 1989( -90), Canada (1991( , 1994, The Netherlands (1987( , 1991( ), Sweden (1987( , 1992, the United Kingdom (1986Kingdom ( , 1991, the United States (1986,1994), and West Germany (1984,1989).…”

Section: Data and Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trend is presented as the absolute change in the variable of interest from the most recent to the earliest year. A value of -0.3 for Australian heads aged 55 to 59 with zero earnings indicate that in 1985 40.1 percent of Australian heads had zero earnings (Smeeding 1992, More disturbing from a policy perspective, receipt of retirement income (Part II) is rising in some age brackets everywhere but in the United Kingdom. Together these translate into a higher fraction of heads with zero earnings and retirement income (Part III) at critical younger ages in Canada, The Netherlands, and Germany.…”

Section: Retirement Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, these seven nations were first visited on this issue by Smeeding (1991aSmeeding ( , 1992 and we now return to them for an update. Finally, we are Americans presenting this paper in both Sweden and the United Kingdom where there is interest in these issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cross-national patterns of labor force withdrawal

Quinn

Smeeding

2018

The State of Social Welfare, 1997

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retirement Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cross-national patterns of labor force withdrawal

Quinn

Smeeding

2018

The State of Social Welfare, 1997

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Gender, Age and Attitudes to Retirement in Mid-Life

Ginn

Arber

1996

Ageing and Society

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British research on exit from the labour market has been mainly concerned with men, but US research shows retirement for women is equally salient. Gender differences in attitudes to employment and reasons for early exit are relevant to employment and pension policy.In this paper, we use data from the Social Change and Economic Life Initiative survey to examine gender differences in attitudes to employment among over 2,500 British women and men aged 40 to 59. A key concern was to discover whether the decline in mid-life women's employment through their fifties could be explained by a change in attitudes with age, or was more likely to be due to age-related barriers in the labour market.Analysis shows that among mid-life people who were not employed, financial considerations were the predominant influence on men's job-seeking whereas for women psychosocial aspects of having a job were also important. Mid-life women showed no decline in their motivation towards employment with age, indicating that women's early exit cannot be explained by reduced desire for employment with age. However, there was evidence of perceived age barriers to employment or promotion which were likely to have affected behaviour and attitudes.

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Women's economic outcomes, gender inequality and public policy: findings from the Luxembourg Income Study

Gornick

2004

Socio-Economic Review

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In the past two decades, many researchers have used the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) data to analyse women's economic status, or economic gender inequality, across the industrialized countries. Researchers concerned with labour market outcomes have concluded that: (i) women's labour market status lags men's in nearly every LIS country and time period; (ii) motherhood is a consequential factor nearly everywhere; while parenthood typically has little effect (or a positive effect) on men's employment rates and earnings, it weakens women's everywhere; (iii) against this backdrop of commonality, gendered outcomes vary dramatically across countries; and (iv) variation in policies, or policy packages, explains a substantial share of the observed variation in outcomes. Researchers focused on poverty have found that: (i) in several countries, post-tax-and-transfer poverty is more prevalent among women than men, mothers compared with fathers, and female-headed households relative to male-headed households; (ii) solo mothers everywhere face a heightened risk of low income and/or poverty, especially in the English-speaking countries; (iii) across the LIS countries, single elderly women are also at heightened risk, with the USA standing out as an extreme case; and (iv) cross-national variation in tax-andtransfer policies explains a large share of variation in post-tax-and-transfer income.

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Cross-National Patterns of Retirement and Poverty among Men and Women in the Mid 1980s: Full Stop or Gradual Withdrawal?

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Cross-national patterns of labor force withdrawal

Cross-national patterns of labor force withdrawal

Gender, Age and Attitudes to Retirement in Mid-Life

Women's economic outcomes, gender inequality and public policy: findings from the Luxembourg Income Study

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