Cross-phase modulation based ultra-flat 90-line optical frequency comb generation

Sharma, Vishal; Singh, Surinder; Lovkesh,

doi:10.1007/s11082-021-03207-0

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…There are four major techniques for generating an optical frequency comb: mode-locked laser (MLL) based optical frequency comb, 18 electro-optic modulator based optical frequency comb, 19 – 23 micro-ring resonator based optical frequency comb 24 – 26 and Kerr’s nonlinearly based optical frequency comb 27 – 29 The MLL-based OFC has the problem of less stability due to the environmental conditions dependency of the laser cavity, no tunability of channel spacing and frequency and minimal channel spacing (in the range of MHz to few GHz), which makes the system not suitable for communication applications 18 . Irrespective of MLL-based OFC, electro-optic modulator based OFC has tunable, stable and widely spaced (in the range of tens of GHz) spectra makes the system suitable for communication applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison to all, Kerr’s nonlinearity based OFC has the advantage of broad, flat, widely spaced, stable and tunable optical spectrum, making the system suitable for communication applications 27 – 29 In view of this, a 30 GHz channel spaced, 113-line, and 2.6 dB flat optical frequency comb has been realized by exploiting the self-gain modulation phenomenon in low saturation and high gain semiconductor optical amplifier in Ref. 27.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a single laser source-based extreme parallel data-transmission link

Sharma,

Singh

2024

Opt. Eng.

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Exponentially increasing network traffic requires hundreds of terabits per second data transmission rate, consuming around 9% of the electricity worldwide. Massive parallel optical links demanded to support the data transmission capacity, but not favorable in terms of scalability, energy consumption, complexity, cost, and size. A single laser source followed with semiconductor optical amplifier based optical frequency comb enabling data transmission of 6.78 Tbps over an 80 km singlemode fiber (SMF) is a possible solution to reduce the energy consumption, complexity, cost, and area. The data transmission over 80 km SMF also makes it suitable for inter-data center communication. So, in the proposed work, the evenly spaced and phase-coherent 113 frequency lines individually modulated using differential quadrature phase-shift keying at the bit rate of 30 Gb∕s and then multiplex using polarization and wavelength multiplexing technique to transmit signal over 94.4 km (80 km single core and single mode fiber and 14.4 km dispersion compensating fiber). The proposed work has also carried out the detailed analysis of optical frequency comb parameters required for its application in telecommunication. Following the procedure mentioned earlier, a signal at the minimum quality factor of 23 dB with total transmission rate of 6.78 THz for 226 users is achieved at the receiving end, making the work suitable for telecommunication and inter-data-center communication applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a single laser source-based extreme parallel data-transmission link

Sharma,

Singh

2024

Opt. Eng.

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“…Here, spectral lines are arranged close together, which reduces line spacing and weakens the stability of the spectrum. Furthermore, the longer laser cavity in the MLL limits comb lines to a range of a few MHz to 1 GHz [13], although the spacing between the lines can be expanded by optical filters [14]. However, the dependence of the MLL on the laser cavity results in poor flexibility and tunability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Frequency Comb Generator Employing Two Cascaded Frequency Modulators and Mach–Zehnder Modulator

Ujjwal

Kumar

2023

Electronics

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Optical frequency combs (OFCs) are extensively used in spectroscopy, range finding, metrology, and optical communications. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to achieve a flat OFC by serially cascading two frequency modulators (FMs) followed by a single-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM). The modulators are driven by a sinusoidal RF signal of frequencies fm, fm2, and 2 fm GHz, respectively. With our proposed approach (fm), an optical spectrum of 71 subcarriers spaced at 4 GHz is realized within a power fluctuation of ∼2 dB. The proposed method is also tested for fm = 16 GHz, showing that this approach can work in all scenarios with lower power fluctuations. In addition, we also studied the impact of the phase of the RF signal on the power variation of the OFC spectrum. A theoretical investigation of the ultra-flat spectrum generated by cascaded FMs and MZM is conducted, and the results of simulations support the findings. The simulation results demonstrate good performance, allowing for the application of our proposed approach in next-generation optical networks.

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