Cross-reaction of propyl and butyl alcohol glucuronides with an ethyl glucuronide enzyme immunoassay

Sevoflurane metabolite cross‐react in the ethyl glucuronide DRI® immunoassay

“…Confirmation of detected positive samples by a mass spectrometry method is therefore required and sometimes includes measurement of the analogue metabolite ethylsulphate . Substances known to cross‐react include glucuronides formed after ingestion of methanol, propanol, butanol, and chloralhydrate . We now report that also exposure to the anaesthetic drug sevoflurane may lead to a positive EtG test.…”

Current trends in environmental analysis of human metabolite conjugates of pharmaceuticals

“…Notably, there is an absence of any passive sampling for conjugate quantification in the existing literature to date. This could be due to the relative infancy of techniques [57], liquid scintillation [20,58], Orbitrap TM [22,49], immunoassay [23], fluorescence [20], flame ionisation [20], Fourier transform-MS [43] available to analyze conjugates across multiple drug classes. Moreover, the potential labile nature of conjugates and their susceptibility to biodegradation or abiotic processes may make their longer-term passive uptake more problematic or inaccurate, although this hypothesis has not been evaluated to date.…”

“…In fact, most studies used some form of analyte pre-concentration (e.g., SPE cartridge or micro-elution well plate), with few exceptions: estrogen glucuronide analysis in soil [20], resveratrol conjugates isolated from heart, liver, and brain tissues [21,22]; and alcohol glucuronides assayed from urine by serial dilution for immunoassay [23]. Both cartridges and well plates used HLB stationary phase to isolate and concentrate conjugates.…”

“…Immunoassay [23], 13 C and 1 H NMR, liquid scintillation, UV-vis fluorescence (coupled to HPLC), and flame ionisation (coupled to GC) have been used for conjugate analysis. The major disadvantages of immunoassay are long preparation times, limited dynamic range (3-5 orders of magnitude, depending on detector), and the inherent cross-reactivity of various forms of class-common conjugates to the antibody in question.…”

“…The major disadvantages of immunoassay are long preparation times, limited dynamic range (3-5 orders of magnitude, depending on detector), and the inherent cross-reactivity of various forms of class-common conjugates to the antibody in question. In fact, Arndt et al [23] demonstrated through LC-MS/MS that during an ethyl alcohol glucuronide assay that the common disinfectant, isopropanol, showed 69-84% cross-reactivity, a considerably high non-specificity for an analyte.…”