Cross-Reactive Tumor Antigens in the Skin of Mice Exposed to Subcarcinogenic Doses of Ultraviolet Radiation

The Role of Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Cross-Reactive Tumor Antigens in Tumor Immunity

“…Since our Mab bind cross-reactive antigens from allogeneic and xenogeneic sources, we conclude that the conserved determinant(s) is probably not an antigen encoded by the major histocompatibility gene complex, as has been suggested for UVR tumor TSTA [5], The expression of these neoantigens by skin cells is a direct effect of UVR exposure [66]. Cultured cells (neonatal epidermal cells, fibroblast cell lines, and chemically in duced tumor cells) that arc exposed to UVR in vitro have been shown to gain the immu nogenic and transplantation characteristics of UVR regressor tumors [67,69].…”

“…This in vitro tech nique was used to functionally characterize the cross-reactive antigens that are expressed by UVR tumor and UVR skin cells [66,71], Normal syngeneic mice were immunized . Eight days later the draining lymph node cells were placed in cell culture and after 4 days the lytic activity of these cells was determined in a cytotoxicity assay employing chromium-labeled UVR tumor targets.…”

“…The lytic activity of the cul tured DLN cells obtained from the animals was determined by their ability to lyse chromium-labeled cell targets. Cytotoxic cells capable of lysing a range of tumor tar gets, including syngeneic and allogeneic UVR tumors and syngeneic methylcholanthrenc-induced tumors, differentiated from the DLN of UVR tumor and UVR skin cellimmune mice, but not normal skin cellimmune mice [66,71], These cells did not lyse Con-A-activated syngeneic lympho blasts, thioglycolate-induced peritoneal exu date cells, or YAC-1 lymphoma cells (a natu ral killer cell-sensitive target). The Tc-cells obtained from UVR tumor-and UVR skinimmune mice were phenotyped as: Thy 1 \ CD4-, CD8' and asiaio-GM-D [71], To define the functional antigen specific ity of UVR tumor cell and UVR skin cellinduced Tc-cells, a series of cold cell block ing experiments were conducted [66].…”

“…express cross-reactive antigens [35], Second, these antigens possess a similar immuno genic potential whether analyzed by in vitro or in vivo assays of tumor immunity [66,71 ]. When presented on a cell surface or in a lipid membrane, these antigens elicit a tu mor rejection response in vivo and prime Tc-cells for in vitro differentiation.…”

Sunscreen lotions prevent ultraviolet radiation-induced suppression of antitumor immune responses

“…These UV-induced Ts-cells are elicited by neoantigens in UV-irradiated skin that are either also expressed by virtually all skin cancers or are crossreactive with common tumor-associated antigens (TAA) (Roberts et al, 1982). Because these TAA are expressed in UV-exposed skin sites immunologically altered by UV radiation, they elicit a Ts-cell-dominated tolerogenic immune response (Hong and Roberts, 1987). Interestingly, once elicited, these TAA-specific Ts-cells remain active for an extended time after UV exposure is discontinued (Spellman and Daynes, 1978).…”