Cross-Resistance Pattern and Genetic Studies in Spirotetramat-Resistant Citrus Red Mite, Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract

In the laboratory, an acaricide-susceptible strain of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) (LS-FJ), was used to screen for resistance to spirotetramat. A spirotetramat-resistant strain (ST-NK) obtained after continuous selections through 15 selection cycles (45 generations) exhibited 1668.4-fold greater resistance when compared to the parent generation. Instability of the spirotetramat resistance in the mites was observed during 11 months under spirotetramat-free laboratory conditions. Cross-resistance to spirodiclofen and spiromesifen was detected both in eggs and larvae, but not to five other tested acaricides. Probit lines for F1 heterozygous progeny indicated that the resistance to spirotetramat in the mites was autosomal with neither sex linkage nor maternal effects. The degrees of dominance were 0.15 and 0.23 for the diploid F1 of LS-FJ♀ × ST-NK♂ and ST-NK♀ × LS-FJ♂, and 0.07 and 0.13 for haploid F2 of LS-FJ♀ × ST-NK♂ and ST-NK♀ × LS-FJ♂, respectively, which indicated that the resistance was incompletely dominant. The χ2 analyses from the response of a backcross of crossed F1 progeny and ST-NK and F2 progeny showed that multiple genes are responsible for resistance to spirotetramat.

Multifunctional Borax Cross-Linked Hydroxypropyl Guar Gum Hydrogels with Crop Nutritional Function as Carriers for Dual-Responsive Acaricide Release

“…P. citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest in citrus-producing regions, causing citrus yield losses. 48 The acaricidal activity of the hydrogels was evaluated using P. citri as the target mites by a leaf-dip bioassay method (Figure 7a). The bioactivity of the CPF-loaded BO-free HPG hydrogel (CG) was tested as a control.…”

“…P. citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest in citrus-producing regions, causing citrus yield losses . The acaricidal activity of the hydrogels was evaluated using P .…”

Resistance to fenazaquin in broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae): Realized heritability, risk assessment and cross‐resistance

“…A spirotetramat-selected P. citri strain exhibited low cross-resistance to hexythiazox and clofentezine and no cross-resistance to abamectin, etoxazole and pyridaben (Hu et al, 2022).…”

“…A bifenazate‐selected population of T. urticae developed low resistance to bifenthrin and cyflumetofen, and a cyflumetofen‐ selected T. urticae population developed low resistance to bifenthrin and bifenazate (Liu et al, 2019). A spirotetramat‐selected P. citri strain exhibited low cross‐resistance to hexythiazox and clofentezine and no cross‐resistance to abamectin, etoxazole and pyridaben (Hu et al, 2022).…”

Castor Seed Oil: A Promising Biomitecide for Sustainable Management of the Red Coffee Mite (Oligonychus ilicis) (McGregor, 1917) (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae)

“…Chemicals belonging to the aldicarb, bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids and organophosphate groups are used to reduce mite damage in crops [5,6,7]. However, the use of these chemicals leads to the selection of red mite populations resistant to these products, pest resurgence, secondary pest outbreaks, and compromised performance of natural enemies [8,9].…”