Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Parents’ and Preschoolers’ Physical Activity and Television Viewing: The HAPPY Study

Abbott, Gavin; Hnatiuk, Jill A.; Timperio, Anna; Salmon, Jo; Best, Keren; Hesketh, Kylie

doi:10.1123/jpah.2015-0136

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…This indicates that fathers’ health behaviours, in particular their daytime television viewing, may be an important, independent influence on preschool children’s physical activity and ST, over and above maternal correlates and the home environment. This finding is also consistent with other observational research in preschool children 38 and experimental research in primary school children 39 and highlights the importance of collecting data from both parents in two-parent families. This study may also suggest that all screen viewing by fathers may not be equal; that is, paternal daytime television viewing may have a greater impact on children’s behaviour compared with that viewed in the evening periods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlates of home and neighbourhood-based physical activity in UK 3–4-year-old children

Hnatiuk

Hesketh²,

Sluijs

2016

Eur J Public Health

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Background: Identifying context-specific correlates of home- and neighbourhood-based physical activity in preschool-aged children may help improve intervention program development for these settings. Methods: A total of 153 3–4-year-old children were recruited through preschool settings in Cambridgeshire (January–July 2013). Children wore Actiheart accelerometers for ≤7 days to assess their sedentary time (ST), light-(LPA) and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). A parent-completed questionnaire assessed correlates across the ecological model and the child’s preschool attendance during the measurement week. Only accelerometer data for times when children were at home were used. Multilevel models (Level 1: days; Level 2: child) examined associations between maternal-reported exposure variables and each outcome (children’s home- and neighbourhood-based ST, LPA and MVPA) (main analysis). Further analyses included the subsample of children with complete paternal correlates data (father analysis). Results: In the main analyses, children with older siblings engaged in less ST. Children whose mothers reported being ‘moderately inactive’ or ‘active’ (vs. inactive) engaged in less LPA, while children whose mothers worked >35 h week−1 engaged in less MVPA. More equipment at home was associated with lower LPA but greater MVPA. In the father analysis, father’s television viewing before 6 pm was associated with greater ST and less MVPA in children; the negative association between mother’s activity and children’s LPA was retained. Conclusion: Family demographics and parental behaviours appear to have the strongest association with children’s home- and neighbourhood-based ST, LPA and MVPA. This study further highlights the importance of examining both maternal and paternal behaviours.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlates of home and neighbourhood-based physical activity in UK 3–4-year-old children

Hnatiuk

Hesketh²,

Sluijs

2016

Eur J Public Health

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“…This finding is supported by a recent study by Abbott and colleagues where fathers’ physical activity at baseline (at child age 4.6 years) was not associated with children’s physical activity at follow-up (child age 7.6 years) despite observing associations between mothers and their son’s physical activity [43]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Associations between the physical activity levels of fathers and their children at 20 months, 3.5 and five years of age

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEarly childhood (under five years of age) is a critical developmental period when children’s physical activity behaviours are shaped and when physical activity patterns begin to emerge. Physical activity levels track from early childhood through to adolescence with low levels of physical activity associated with poorer health. The aims of this study were to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the physical activity levels of fathers and their children at the ages of 20 months, 3.5 and 5 years, and to investigate whether these associations differed based on paternal body mass index (BMI) and education.MethodsThe Melbourne Infant Feeding Activity and Nutrition Trial (InFANT) Program was a cluster randomized-controlled trial delivered to pre-existing first-time parent groups. Physical activity levels of fathers and their first-born children were assessed using the Active Australia Survey and ActiGraph accelerometers respectively. Cross-sectional associations between father and child physical activity behaviours were assessed at each time point. Longitudinal associations between father and child physical activity were also investigated from child age 20 months to both 3.5 and 5 years. Additional stratified analyses were conducted based on paternal BMI and paternal education as a proxy for socioeconomic position (SEP). Data from the control and interventions groups were pooled and all analyses adjusted for intervention status, clustering by first-time parent group and accelerometer wear time.ResultsPhysical activity levels of fathers and their children at child age 20 months were not associated cross-sectionally or longitudinally at child age 3.5 and 5 years. Positive associations were observed between light physical activity of healthy weight fathers and children at age 3.5 years. Inverse associations were observed for moderate/vigorous physical activity between fathers and children at age 5 years, including between overweight/obese fathers and their children at this age in stratified analyses.ConclusionsThere were no clear associations between the physical activity of fathers and children. Future research should include the use of more robust measures of physical activity among fathers to allow in-depth assessment of their physical activity behaviours. Investigation of well-defined correlates of physical activity in young children is warranted to confirm these findings and further progress research in this field.

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“…The study only investigated the relationship between mother and child TV-time; the father/child relationship was not examined. Some literature suggests stronger relationships between sex matched parent/child dyads (mothers and daughters, fathers and sons), such that mothers have more influence on daughters and fathers on sons [39]. Whether this relationship exists when children are so young has not yet been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, trajectories, and determinants of television viewing time in an ethnically diverse sample of young children from the UK

Barber

Kelly

Collings

et al. 2017

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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BackgroundExcessive screen viewing in early childhood is associated with poor physical and psycho-social health and poor cognitive development. This study aimed to understand the prevalence, trajectory and determinants of television viewing time in early childhood to inform intervention development.MethodsIn this prospective longitudinal study, mothers of 1558 children (589 white British, 757 Pakistani heritage, 212 other ethnicities) completed questionnaires when their children were approximately 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months old. Mothers answered questions about their own and their child’s TV-time. TV-time trajectories were estimated by linear longitudinal multilevel modeling, potential determinants were considered in models.ResultsThe modelled trajectory estimated that 75% of children aged 12 months exceeded guidelines of zero screen-time. At 12 months of age an accelerated increase in TV-time was observed (<1 h/day at 14 months, >2 h/day by 30 months old). For every hour of mothers’ TV-time and every hour the TV was on in the home, children’s TV-time was 8 min and 1 min higher respectively at 6 months old (P < 0.05), and 15 min and 3 min higher respectively at 36 months old (P < 0.05). Children whose mothers did not agree that it was important their child did not watch too much TV, had 17 min more TV-time than their counterparts (P < 0.05). Children of first time mothers had 6 min more TV-time (P < 0.05). At 12 months of age, children of mothers experiencing stress watched 8 min more TV (P < 0.05). By 36 months, children of Pakistani heritage mothers had 22 min more TV-time than those of white British mothers (P < 0.05), and an additional 35 min of TV-time if their mother was not born in the UK (P < 0.05).ConclusionsHigh levels of TV-time were prevalent. Intervention developers should consider targeting interventions before 12 months of age. Modifiable determinants included mothers’ own TV-time, the time the television is on in the home and mothers’ attitude towards child TV-time. These behaviours may be key components to address in interventions for parents. Mothers experiencing stress, first time mothers, and Pakistani heritage mothers (particularly those born outside of the UK), may be priority groups for intervention.

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Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Parents’ and Preschoolers’ Physical Activity and Television Viewing: The HAPPY Study

Abstract: The PA and TV viewing of both parents are significantly associated with these behaviors in preschool children. The influence of the sex-matched parent appears to be important longitudinally for children's TV viewing.

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Correlates of home and neighbourhood-based physical activity in UK 3–4-year-old children

Correlates of home and neighbourhood-based physical activity in UK 3–4-year-old children

Associations between the physical activity levels of fathers and their children at 20 months, 3.5 and five years of age

Prevalence, trajectories, and determinants of television viewing time in an ethnically diverse sample of young children from the UK

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