Cross‐sectional study of equol producer status and cognitive impairment in older adults

Igase, Michiya; Igase, Keiji; Tabara, Yasuharu; Ohyagi, Yasumasa; Kohara, Katsuhiko

doi:10.1111/ggi.13029

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In agreement with the previous literature, 28.7% of our study cohort were equol producers [38][39][40]. Limited evidence suggests that the ability to produce equol may confer beneficial effects on cognitive function following soy intake [66,67], potentially via increased cerebral blood flow [68]. We did not observe any significant differences in cognitive performance following intervention between equol producers and non-producers, although, within the high-dose group, improvements in spatial working memory in producers versus non-producers were approaching significance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Consumption of a soy drink has no effect on cognitive function but may alleviate vasomotor symptoms in post-menopausal women; a randomised trial

et al. 2019

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Purpose Cognitive decline is commonly reported during the menopausal transition, with memory and attention being particularly affected. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a commercially available soy drink on cognitive function and menopausal symptoms in post-menopausal women. Methods 101 post-menopausal women, aged 44-63 years, were randomly assigned to consume a volume of soy drink providing a low (10 mg/day; control group), medium (35 mg/day), or high (60 mg/day) dose of isoflavones for 12 weeks. Cognitive function (spatial working memory, spatial span, pattern recognition memory, 5-choice reaction time, and match to sample visual search) was assessed using CANTAB pre-and post-the 12 week intervention. Menopausal symptoms were assessed using Greene's Climacteric Scale. Results No significant differences were observed between the groups for any of the cognitive function outcomes measured. Soy drink consumption had no effect on menopausal symptoms overall; however, when women were stratified according to the severity of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) at baseline, women with more severe symptoms at baseline in the medium group had a significant reduction (P = 0.001) in VMS post-intervention (mean change from baseline score: − 2.15 ± 1.73) in comparison to those with less severe VMS (mean change from baseline score: 0.06 ± 1.21). Conclusions Soy drink consumption had no effect on cognitive function in post-menopausal women. Consumption of ~ 350 ml/day (35 mg IFs) for 12 weeks significantly reduced VMS in those with more severe symptoms at baseline. This finding is clinically relevant as soy drinks may provide an alternative, natural, treatment for alleviating VMS, highly prevalent among western women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Consumption of a soy drink has no effect on cognitive function but may alleviate vasomotor symptoms in post-menopausal women; a randomised trial

et al. 2019

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“…A recent cross-sectional study of 152 elderly in Japan reported that S-equol-producers had significantly higher cognitive score (total dementia assessment score: 14.7 ± 0.7 vs. 14.3 ± 0.8, respectively, p=0.02) and lower prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) than non-producers (8% vs . 21%, respectively, p=0.04) [ 224 ]. In their multivariable-adjusted analysis, S-equol producing status had a significant association with both the cognitive score and presence of MCI.…”

Section: Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very few observational studies have reported the association of S-equol with CHD [ 7 ] and cognitive impairment/dementia [ 224 ] or atherosclerosis/arterial stiffness [ 8 , 83 , 138 ], where most of studies are cross sectional. Soy isoflavones are regularly consumed only in some Asian countries.…”

Section: Future Directions Of Epidemiological and Clinical Research Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of S-equol and Soy Isoflavones on Heart and Brain

Sekikawa

Ihara

López

et al. 2019

CCR

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Background:Observational studies in Asia show that dietary intake of soy isoflavones had a significant inverse association with coronary heart disease (CHD). A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) of soy isoflavones on atherosclerosis in the US, however, failed to show their benefit. The discrepancy may be due to the much lower prevalence of S-equol producers in Westerners: Only 20-30% of Westerners produce S-equol in contrast to 50-70% in Asians. S-equol is a metabolite of dietary soy isoflavone daidzein by gut microbiome and possesses the most antiatherogenic properties among all isoflavones. Several short-duration RCTs documented that soy isoflavones improves arterial stiffness. Accumulating evidence shows that both atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness are positively associated with cognitive decline/dementia. Therefore, potentially, soy isoflavones, especially S-equol, are protective against cognitive decline/dementia. </P><P> Methods/Results: This narrative review of clinical and epidemiological studies provides an overview of the health benefits of soy isoflavones and introduces S-equol. Second, we review recent evidence on the association of soy isoflavones and S-equol with CHD, atherosclerosis, and arterial stiffness as well as the association of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness with cognitive decline/ dementia. Third, we highlight recent studies that report the association of soy isoflavones and S-equol with cognitive decline/dementia. Lastly, we discuss the future directions of clinical and epidemiological research on the relationship of S-equol and CHD and dementia.Conclusions:Evidence from observational studies and short-term RCTs suggests that S-equol is anti-atherogenic and improves arterial stiffness and may prevent CHD and cognitive impairment/ dementia. Well-designed long-term (≥ 2years) RCTs should be pursued.

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“…Equol, a metabolite of soy isoflavone, reflects the consumption of isoflavones. Igase et al (28) conducted a cross-sectional study on the association between equol production status and cognitive function in older adults. In contrast with equol producers, equol non-producers were more susceptible to cognitive decline.…”

Section: Flavonoids In Soy and Soy-derived Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function: Evidence from Population-based Studies and Clinical Trials

Yang

Cui

et al. 2021

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Due to progressive population aging, a new dementia case occurs at every 3 seconds, placing a heavy burden of disease. Identifying potential risk or preventive factors is emphasized owing to a lack of effective treatment for dementia. There has been emerging evidence on the link of certain dietary components, particularly polyphenols, to brain wellness and cognitive outcomes. Findings from animal and in vitro studies appear more consistent and conclusive. However, such an association has not been investigated in depth in human beings. In this review, we examined studies on the effect of dietary polyphenols (including flavonoids, curcumin, and resveratrol) on cognitive function. Intervention in early stages of dementia/Alzheimer’s disease might be a target to slow down age-related cognitive decline before disease onset. We summarized 28 epidemiological studies (8 cross-sectional and 20 cohort studies) and 55 trials in this review. Preliminary evidence from epidemiological data provides the necessity for intervention trials, even though the measures of polyphenol intake tend to be less precise. Clinical trials are in favor of the role of some polyphenols in benefiting specific domains of cognition. This review also describes the divergence of results and current limitations of research in this field.

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Cross‐sectional study of equol producer status and cognitive impairment in older adults

Abstract: Compared with equol non-producers, equol producers showed an apparent beneficial effect in cognitive function after soy intake. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2103-2108.

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Consumption of a soy drink has no effect on cognitive function but may alleviate vasomotor symptoms in post-menopausal women; a randomised trial

Consumption of a soy drink has no effect on cognitive function but may alleviate vasomotor symptoms in post-menopausal women; a randomised trial

Effect of S-equol and Soy Isoflavones on Heart and Brain

Effect of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function: Evidence from Population-based Studies and Clinical Trials

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