Cross-sectional study of hepatitis B antibody status in health care workers immunized as children at an academic medical center in Wisconsin

Ritscher, Alicia M.; LeClair-Netzel, Megan; Friedlander, Nicholas J.; Stewart, Danielle N. Howard; Wagner, Mallory; Kalscheur, Nicole; Caldera, Freddy; Hayney, Mary S.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.036

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The second largest study, conducted by Ritscher and colleagues, examined immunity among employees at the University of Wisconsin Hospital who were vaccinated as infants or young children. 8 It was one of the only studies that examined a non-indigenous North American population. Sensitivity of anti-HBs estimated using data from this study was 52%, which is similar to the sensitivity set in model 1 for individuals likely vaccinated as infants or young children (49.1%).…”

Section: Nismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, serological tests are not perfect measures of vaccination status or even immunity to HBV. [8][9][10] A key marker of HBV immunity that is used in serological testing is antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). In the years following vaccination, many individuals drop to low or undetectable levels of anti-HBs despite maintaining immune memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study of healthcare workers at the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics found that only 51% of previously vaccinated individuals tested positive for anti-HBs. 8 However, 89% of anti-HBs negative individuals mounted an anamnestic response when challenged with an HBV booster dose. This study's objectives are to present misclassification corrected estimates of HBV immune prevalence among adults in the United States and to compare those estimates to the prevalence of self-reported vaccination and anti-HBs positivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Re-estimating prevalence of hepatitis B virus immunity among adults in the United States: self-reported vaccination, immunologic markers, and bias correction

Vader

Cohen

Goldstein

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Two instruments used to measure adult hepatitis B vaccination coverage in the United States are self-report and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). Estimates based on either of these measures are subject to misclassification when used to determine immunity to hepatitis B. This study presents misclassification-corrected estimates of hepatitis B immune prevalence in the US and compares them to self-report- and antibody-based estimates. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2015-2016 NHANES cycle on 5,151 adults in the US age 18 and older. Existing literature on long-term immunity after vaccination informed anti-HBs sensitivity as a measure of immunity. Our model incorporated literature-based distributions for sensitivity and specificity using a Bayesian approach to correct for misclassification of true immune status by anti-HBs. Results: After correcting for misclassification, overall adult immune prevalence was estimated at 31.0% (95% credible interval, 27.9% to 34.1%). Anti-HBs prevalence was 6.4 (3.9 to 8.8) and self-report prevalence 2.6 (-0.6 to 5.8) percentage points lower than overall immune prevalence. Among Asian Americans, anti-HBs and self-report underestimated immune prevalence by 15.8% (11.5% to 20.9%) and 25.1% (17.3% to 33.2%), respectively. Among 19 to 25-year-olds, anti-HBs and self-report underestimated immune prevalence by 26.5% (20.7% to 32.5%) and 21.0% (12.6% to 28.9%). Conclusions: Both self-reported vaccination and antibody-based measures underestimate hepatitis B immunity among adults. This underestimation was especially large among younger adults and Asian Americans. The consequences of treating these surrogates as unbiased measures of vaccination or immunity may only increase as more vaccinated children age into adulthood. Keywords: hepatitis B, hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis B antibodies, patient reported outcome measures, outcome measurement errors, immunological memory

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Section: Nismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Re-estimating prevalence of hepatitis B virus immunity among adults in the United States: self-reported vaccination, immunologic markers, and bias correction

Vader

Cohen

Goldstein

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…По результатам одного показательного многоцентрового исследования, проведенного в США, 986 медицинских работников, родившихся в 1991 г. и получивших полный курс вакцинации против ВГВ в возрасте до 7 мес. в 51% имели уровни HBsAВ ниже защитных (менее 10mME/мл) [24].…”

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Viral hepatitis in children: state and prospects for solving the problem

2021

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The problem of viral hepatitis (VH) today is an acute problem for the world healthcare system. Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, the VH pandemic claims up to 1.5 million lives annually. Since 2016, the Russian Federation has launched a WHO program aimed at combating VH. One of the first steps on the path of global elimination is getting rid of the virus in the small groups, among which micro-elimination in the child population is one of the promising areas.This review is devoted to the current state of the problem of VH in children in the Russian Federation today. The success of vaccine prevention (against viral hepatitis A and B) made it possible to achieve results in the form of a significant decrease in the incidence of children, minimizing the risk of perinatal infection. However, in recent years, there has been a progressive decline in vaccination coverage. This is mainly due to the growing popularity of anti-vaccination lobbies, a decrease in the awareness of patients and health workers about the need for timely vaccination, as well as the introduction of restrictive measures to prevent a new coronavirus infection. The emergence of mutant, "vaccine-eluting" strains, which are also resistant to available antiviral drugs, is another serious problem on the way to eliminating viral HBV. In the field of treating children with HBV, the possibilities are extremely limited, only 2 drugs are available, one of which (tenofovir alafenamide) is available only from the age of 12. Registration of direct antiviral drugs for the treatment of adolescents with chronic hepatitis C has made it possible to bring closer the goal of microelimination of the virus in children. However, the high cost of drugs poses a challenge for the state to introduce long-term benefit programs to ensure the availability of treatment. In addition, at the moment, the treatment of young children in our country remains a prospect for the future.Thus, despite significant advances in the strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis, a number of problems remain relevant and present significant difficulties in achieving the global goal.

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High Rates of Seroprotection to Hepatitis B After a Hepatitis B Challenge Dose in Previously Vaccinated Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Immunosuppressive Therapy

Ley,

Lazarus,

Forati

et al. 2024

Dig Dis Sci

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Cross-sectional study of hepatitis B antibody status in health care workers immunized as children at an academic medical center in Wisconsin

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Re-estimating prevalence of hepatitis B virus immunity among adults in the United States: self-reported vaccination, immunologic markers, and bias correction

Re-estimating prevalence of hepatitis B virus immunity among adults in the United States: self-reported vaccination, immunologic markers, and bias correction

Viral hepatitis in children: state and prospects for solving the problem

High Rates of Seroprotection to Hepatitis B After a Hepatitis B Challenge Dose in Previously Vaccinated Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Immunosuppressive Therapy

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