Cross-sectional survey of HIV infection among patients with tuberculosis in Nairobi, Kenya

Nunn, Peter B.; Gicheha, C.; Hayes, Richard; Gathua, Samuel; Brindle, Richard; Kibuga, D.; Mutie, Thomas; Kamunyi, R.; Omwega, M.; Were, John; McAdam, Keith P. W. J.

doi:10.1016/0962-8479(92)90079-y

Cited by 59 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study the age group with the highest HIV sero-positivity rate was the group 20 -39 years. This is consistent with the findings of many studies [17] [18]. This is understandable because it is consistent with the pattern of HIV infection in the general Nigerian population [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of HIV Co-Infected Patients among Tuberculosis Patients Accessing Care at a DOTS Clinic in South-Eastern Nigeria

Azuike¹,

Azuike²,

Ohamaeme³

et al. 2014

OALib

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: One third of the world's population constituting 2 billion people are infected with Tuberculosis (TB), which is the second most common cause of mortality amongst communicable diseases. Nigeria ranks fourth among 22 high TB burden countries. One of the major challenges to the control of TB is the presence and interaction of TB with HIV. In many parts of Africa, infection with HIV has further increased TB morbidity and mortality. To effectively control TB in Africa the co-infection with HIV must be perfectly understood and adequate measures and strategies developed and implemented. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study, carried out between January 2012 and April 2014 at the DOTS clinic of a tertiary hospital in South-Eastern Nigeria. Three hundred and eighty-four tuberculosis patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and data on their HIV status and other characteristics were collected. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 20. Results: Three hundred and eighty-four tuberculosis patients participated in the study. Eighty-six patients (22.4%) were HIV seropositive. There were 182 males (47.4%) and 202 females (52.6%). The commonest age group was the group 20 -39 years (51.6%). HIV seropositivity was highest among the age group 20 -39 years and this was statistically significant (X 2 = 11.14, p = 0.01). The married patients had the highest proportion of HIV seropositivity and this was statistically significant (X 2 = 40.76, p = 0.00). The unemployed patients had the highest proportion of HIV seropositivity and it was statistically significant (X 2 = 35.14, p = 0.00). Conclusion: Some basic characteristics of tuberculosis patients predispose them to HIV/TB * Corresponding author. co-infection. The characteristics must be explored further and be factored in the strategies to control tuberculosis in Africa.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of HIV Co-Infected Patients among Tuberculosis Patients Accessing Care at a DOTS Clinic in South-Eastern Nigeria

Azuike¹,

Azuike²,

Ohamaeme³

et al. 2014

OALib

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there does appear to be an increase in the proportion of newly diagnosed TB patients co-infected with HIV, although the number of TB cases who either refused testing or were not tested is unknown. In 1997, 22% of newly diagnosed TB patients were HIV infected; this is similar to the prevalence of 26.5% recorded at the Infectious Disease Hospital, Nairobi, 1997 (8), but lower than the 60% in Zambia in 1990 (9). There has been a statistically significant increase (p=0.011) in the number of patients with extrapulmonary TB, as a proportion of all TB cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

HIV and tuberculosis in a rural hospital in Kenya

Torrens¹

2009

E Af Med Jrnl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Almost two thirds of all smear-positive patients were found to be HIV-seropositive. This compares to the previously reported HIV seroprevalence for tuberculosis patients in Kenya in 1988/ 1989 of 25% [13], and 60% in Zambia in 1990 for all tuberculosis patients or 49% in confirmed tuberculosis patients [14]. A possible explanation for the high HIV seroprevalence in Zimbabwe is the relatively well-controlled tuberculosis situation in that country before the onset of the HIV epidemic [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Characteristics of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection in a hospital in Zimbabwe

Schoch¹,

Rieder²

1996

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has a large impact on tuberculosis in Africa. In this study, the prevalence of HIV infection in a population of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in Zimbabwe was determined and demographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, as well as radiographic appearance were compared in tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection.During a 5 month observation period, information on tuberculosis patients referred to Driefontein Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Mvuma, Zimbabwe was collected, computerized and analysed with commercially available software.Of 467 patients admitted, 255 were sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli. Of 196 patients with complete information, 127 (65%) were HIV-seropositive. When compared to the 69 HIV-seronegative patients, HIV-infected patients were not different in age, gender, the period of delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, radiographic appearance, history of previous antituberculosis treatment and symptoms and signs reported, with the exception of herpes zoster and other sexually-transmitted disease.The prevalence of HIV infection in our population of tuberculosis patients was large. However, since demographic and clinical characteristics are remarkably similar in tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection, case-finding activities need not be altered in the wake of the HIV epidemic.

show abstract

Cross-sectional survey of HIV infection among patients with tuberculosis in Nairobi, Kenya

Cited by 59 publications

References 8 publications

Characteristics of HIV Co-Infected Patients among Tuberculosis Patients Accessing Care at a DOTS Clinic in South-Eastern Nigeria

Characteristics of HIV Co-Infected Patients among Tuberculosis Patients Accessing Care at a DOTS Clinic in South-Eastern Nigeria

HIV and tuberculosis in a rural hospital in Kenya

Characteristics of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection in a hospital in Zimbabwe

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About