Cross-Sectional Transport Imaging in a Multijunction Solar Cell

Haegel, N. M.; Ke, Changjian; Taha, Hesham; Guthrey, Harvey; Fetzer, C. M.; King, Richard R.

doi:10.1109/jphotov.2016.2623088

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In some cases these questions can be answered through bulk band structure calculations and Hall effect (1-4), microwave conductivity (5)(6)(7)(8), ultrafast optical or terahertz spectroscopy (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), cathodoluminescence (15,16), or photoluminescence (PL) measurements (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). In many emergent electronic or optoelectronic semiconducting materials, such as those used to transduce light energy to electricity or vice versa, those bulk approaches do not accurately answer these questions because the materials are not homogeneous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Resolved Photogenerated Exciton and Charge Transport in Emerging Semiconductors

Ginsberg

Tisdale

2020

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

125

141

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We review recent advances in the characterization of electronic forms of energy transport in emerging semiconductors. The approaches described all temporally and spatially resolve the evolution of initially localized populations of photogenerated excitons or charge carriers. We first provide a comprehensive background for describing the physical origin and nature of electronic energy transport both microscopically and from the perspective of the observer. We introduce the new family of far-field, time-resolved optical microscopies developed to directly resolve not only the extent of this transport but also its potentially temporally and spatially dependent rate. We review a representation of examples from the recent literature, including investigation of energy flow in colloidal quantum dot solids, organic semiconductors, organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites, and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. These examples illustrate how traditional parameters like diffusivity are applicable only within limited spatiotemporal ranges and how the techniques at the core of this review,especially when taken together, are revealing a more complete picture of the spatiotemporal evolution of energy transport in complex semiconductors, even as a function of their structural heterogeneities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Resolved Photogenerated Exciton and Charge Transport in Emerging Semiconductors

Ginsberg

Tisdale

2020

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

125

141

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“…Transport imaging in photovoltaic devices is most interesting in cross section since one can image transport in the relevant direction for device operation. These results were presented for the first time at the 2015 Photovoltaics Specialty Conference [1]. This paper has been enhanced with additional spectroscopy results and expanded evaluation and explanation of the transport images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Cross-sectional transport imaging in a multijunction solar cell

Haegel

Taha

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC)

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Abstract-We combine a highly localized electron-beam point source excitation to generate excess free carriers with the spatial resolution of optical near-field imaging to map recombination in a cross-sectioned multijunction (Ga 0 .5 In 0 .5 P/GaIn 0 .01 As/Ge) solar cell. By mapping the spatial variations in emission of light for fixed generation (as opposed to traditional cathodoluminescence (CL), which maps integrated emission as a function of position of generation), it is possible to directly monitor the motion of carriers and photons. We observe carrier diffusion throughout the full width of the middle (GaInAs) cell, as well as luminescent coupling from point source excitation in the top cell GaInP to the middle cell. Supporting CL and near-field photoluminescence (PL) measurements demonstrate the excitation-dependent Fermi level splitting effects that influence cross-sectioned spectroscopy results, as well as transport limitations on the spatial resolution of conventional cross-sectional far-field measurements.

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Cathodoluminescence for the 21st century: Learning more from light

Coenen¹,

Haegel

2017

Applied Physics Reviews

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Cathodoluminescence (CL) is the emission of light from a material in response to excitation by incident electrons. The technique has had significant impact in the characterization of semiconductors, minerals, ceramics, and many nanostructured materials. Since 2010, there have been a number of innovative developments that have revolutionized and expanded the information that can be gained from CL and broadened the areas of application. While the primary historical application of CL was for spatial mapping of luminescence variations (e.g., imaging dark line defects in semiconductor lasers or providing high resolution imaging of compositional variations in geological materials), new ways to collect and analyze the emitted light have expanded the science impact of CL, particularly at the intersection of materials science and nanotechnology. These developments include (1) angular and polarized CL, (2) advances in time resolved CL, (3) far-field and near-field transport imaging that enable drift and diffusion information to be obtained through real space imaging, (4) increasing use of statistical analyses for the study of grain boundaries and interfaces, (5) 3D CL including tomography and combined work utilizing dual beam systems with CL, and (6) combined STEM/CL measurements that are reaching new levels of resolution and advancing single photon spectroscopy. This focused review will first summarize the fundamentals and then briefly describe the state-of-the-art in conventional CL imaging and spectroscopy. We then review these recent novel experimental approaches that enable added insight and information, providing a range of examples from nanophotonics, photovoltaics, plasmonics, and studies of individual defects and grain boundaries.

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Cross-Sectional Transport Imaging in a Multijunction Solar Cell

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Spatially Resolved Photogenerated Exciton and Charge Transport in Emerging Semiconductors

Spatially Resolved Photogenerated Exciton and Charge Transport in Emerging Semiconductors

Cross-sectional transport imaging in a multijunction solar cell

Cathodoluminescence for the 21st century: Learning more from light

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