Cross sections of proton-induced reactions on 152Gd, 155Gd and 159Tb with emphasis on the production of selected Tb radionuclides

Abstract

Cross sections are presented for various Dy, Tb and Gd radionuclides produced in the proton bombardment of 159 Tb as well as for the reactions 152 Gd(p,4n) 149 Tb and 155 Gd(p,4n) 152 Tb up to 66 MeV. The experimental excitation functions are compared with theoretical predictions by means of the geometrydependent hybrid (GDH) model as implemented in the code ALICE/ASH, as well as with values from the TENDL-2012 library and previous literature experimental data, where available. Physical yields have been derived for the production of some of the medically important radioterbiums, namely 149 Tb (radionuclide therapy), 152 Tb (PET) and 155 Tb (SPECT). The indirect production of high-purity 155 Tb via the decay of its precursor 155 Dy is reported. The possibility of a large-scale production facility based on a commercial 70 MeV cyclotron is also discussed.

Activation cross-sections of longer lived radioisotopes of proton induced nuclear reactions on terbium up to 65 MeV

“…The experimental data for cumulative formation were deduced from spectra measured after decay of the 153 mass parent decay chain ( 153 Dy -6.4 h, 153 Tb -2.34 d). There is an acceptable agreement with the experimental data of Steyn et al, 2014 andEngle et al, 2016. The ALICE-IPPE results describe rather well the excitation function.…”

“…toFig. 1. our new data are in acceptable agreement with the recent results ofEngle et al (2016) and with earlier measurement ofHassan et al, 2007 andSteyn et al, 2014. in the overlapping energy range.…”

“…3). There are significant disagreements in the maximum value for the EMPIRE and ALICE-IPPE codes.Production of 153 Dy (T1/2=5.35 d)Our data are consistent withSteyn et al ,2014 and the higher energy data ofEngle et al,…”

“…The TENDL-2015 underestimates the maximum. The predictions of the EMPIRE and ALICE-IPPE are acceptable.Production of 155 Dy (T1/2=9.9 h)Good agreement was found with the earlier experimental data ofSteyn et al, 2014 andEngle et al, 2016. The maximum of the excitation function in the TENDL-2015 prediction is shifted to lower energy(Fig.…”

“…Our data represent cumulative production, deduced from spectra after complete decay of the parent. The new data are lower comparing to cumulative data of Steyn et al, 2014 andEngle et al, 2016. The shape of the excitation function of TENDL-2015 differs significantly from the experimental data (Fig.…”