Cross‐Slope Buoyancy Fluxes Cause Intense Asymmetric Generation of Submesoscale Eddies on the Periphery of the Black Sea Mesoscale Anticyclones

Kubryakov, A. A.; Puzina, O. S.; Mizyuk, A. I.

doi:10.1029/2021jc018189

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Particularly, in the case described in Section 3.4, the sea was covered by clouds and no MODIS data were available. However, we should mention that the model was able to capture the spatial structure, sizes of SCEs and the phase of their generation during some events with intense submesoscale dynamics, as seen in the satellite data [24]. Also, model data show the gradual attenuation of temperature anomalies in SCEs, which is in agreement with the satellite data presented in Figure 13.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Submesoscale dynamics are actively investigated in the Black Sea using in-situ [4,15], satellite [9,10,[16][17][18][19][20][21], and numerical modeling data [22][23][24]. These investigations demonstrate that the orbital velocity of small SEs with a radius of 1-5 km may reach 0.1-0.2 m/s, while their Rossby number is about 1f [4,10], which can sometimes reach more than 10f according to drone measurements [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accumulation and Cross-Shelf Transport of Coastal Waters by Submesoscale Cyclones in the Black Sea

Kubryakov,

Aleskerova,

Plotnikov

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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High- and medium-resolution satellite optical imagery show that submesoscale cyclonic eddies (SCEs) trap coastal waters and induce their rapid cross-shelf transport. Due to the presence of a rigid boundary, the convergence is observed in the coastal part of SCEs. It causes accumulation of suspended matter, which spins inward in a spiral motion toward the SCE core. Small SCEs with a radius of 1–10 km transport waters with local anomalies in the concentration of chlorophyll, total suspended matter and temperature to a distance of up to 150 km and are observed for more than 10 days. Lagrangian calculations based on realistic NEMO numerical model are used to estimate the fate of the coastal waters in such SCEs. The eddy entrains the largest number of particles during its separation from the coast when its vorticity reaches the maximum. Then, the SCE weakens, which is accompanied by the flattening of initially risen isopycnals and deepening of the trapped coastal waters. The described mechanism shows that coastal SCEs may cause intense short-period cross-shelf transport of the biological and chemical characteristics, and is another process affecting the functioning of the marine ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and Cross-Shelf Transport of Coastal Waters by Submesoscale Cyclones in the Black Sea

Kubryakov,

Aleskerova,

Plotnikov

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…We speculate that this mechanism also supports carbon export from the productive shelf to the deep basin, hence acting as a sink mechanism for atmospheric carbon. A recent study has also shown the importance of cross-shelf buoyancy fluxes on the generation of submesoscale eddies in the Black Sea [64], which likely has further implications for biogeochemistry.…”

Section: Cross-shelf Exchanges In the Black Seamentioning

confidence: 97%

Eddy Induced Cross-Shelf Exchanges in the Black Sea

2022

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Cross-shelf exchanges in the Black Sea were investigated using remote sensing data and an ocean circulation model to which an eddy-tracking algorithm and Lagrangian particle tracking model was applied. An anticyclonic eddy in 1998 and a cyclonic eddy in 2000 were investigated in detail. Eddy-induced cross-shelf transport of low salinity and high Chl-a waters reached a maximum in the presence of filaments associated with these eddies. The daily mean volume transport by the eddies was comparable with the previously documented transport by eddies of similar size in the north-western shelf region. Lagrangian particle tracking results showed that 59% of particles initially released over the shelf were transported offshore within 30 days by the 1998 anticyclone and 27% by the 2000 cyclone. The net volume transport across the Black Sea shelf-break reached the maxima in winter, coinciding with the increase in wind stress curl and mean kinetic energy that is a measure of the intensity of the boundary current. Ekman transport directly influences the cross-shelf exchanges in the surface layer. The south-eastern Black Sea is presented as an important area for cross-shelf transport. The total cross-shelf transport can be divided into its “large-scale” and “eddy-induced” components. Eddy-induced transport was 34% and 37% of the total cross-shelf transport (1998–2014) in the Black Sea in the off-shelf and on-shelf directions, respectively, but these values ranged between 25% and 65% depending on the eddy activity over time.

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“…A suitable testbed for SME investigation is the Black Sea thanks to its well-developed observational and theoretical scientific facilities [4,5]. Various SME studies are performed for the Black Sea using satellite data [6][7][8] and numerical simulations [9][10][11]. They show, particularly, that SMEs can significantly impact coastal material transport [5,12] and vertical and horizontal distribution of bio-optical characteristics in the basin [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submesoscale Currents from UAV: An Experiment over Small-Scale Eddies in the Coastal Black Sea

et al. 2022

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A commercial unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used for coastal submesoscale current estimation. The measurements were conducted in the Black Sea coastal area with a DJI Mavic quadcopter operated in self-stabilized mode at different look geometry (200–500-m altitude, 0–30∘ incidence angle). The results of four flights during 2020–2021 are reported. Some scenes captured a train of or individual eddies, generated by a current flowing around a topographic obstacle (pier). The eddies were optically visible due to the mixing of clear and turbid waters in the experiment area. Wave dispersion analysis (WDA), based on dispersion shell signature recognition, is used to estimate the sea surface current in the upper 0.5-m-thick layer. The WDA-derived current maps are consistent with visible eddy manifestations. The alternative method, based on 4D-variational assimilation (4DVAR), agrees well with WDA and can complement it in calm wind conditions when waves are too short to be resolved by the UAV sensor. The error of reconstructed velocity due to the uncontrolled UAV motions is assessed from referencing to static land control points. At a 500-m altitude and 7–10 m s−1 wind speed (reported by a local weather station for 10-m height), the UAV drift velocity, or the bias of the current velocity estimate, is about 0.1 m s−1, but can be reduced to 0.05 m s−1 if the first 10 s of the UAV self-stabilization period are excluded from the analysis. The observed anticyclonic eddies (200–400 m in diameter with 0.15–0.30 m s−1 orbital velocity) have an unexpectedly high Rossby number, Ro∼15, suggesting the importance of nonlinear centrifugal force for such eddies and their significant role in coastal vertical transport.

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Cross‐Slope Buoyancy Fluxes Cause Intense Asymmetric Generation of Submesoscale Eddies on the Periphery of the Black Sea Mesoscale Anticyclones

Abstract: Submesoscale dynamics is an intermediate link between mesoscale dynamics and small-scale turbulence. Having small sizes and moderate orbital velocities, submesoscale eddies (SE) are characterized by high values of vorticity and vertical velocity (

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Accumulation and Cross-Shelf Transport of Coastal Waters by Submesoscale Cyclones in the Black Sea

Accumulation and Cross-Shelf Transport of Coastal Waters by Submesoscale Cyclones in the Black Sea

Eddy Induced Cross-Shelf Exchanges in the Black Sea

Submesoscale Currents from UAV: An Experiment over Small-Scale Eddies in the Coastal Black Sea

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