Cross-sucking and other oral behaviours in calves, and their relation to cow suckling and food provision

Margerison, J. K.; Preston, T. R.; Berry, Nathaniel T.; Phillips, Clive J. C.

doi:10.1016/s0168-1591(02)00231-9

Cited by 67 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The differences could be due to social facilitation, causing calves to eat hay for a longer time and/or different quality of feeds. In spite of the increased time spent eating hay in our study, the calves ruminated less than in the study by Margerison et al (2003) but more than reported by Webster et al (1985). Part of the differences between studies can be explained with different observation schedules and feedstuff quality.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…Part of the differences between studies can be explained with different observation schedules and feedstuff quality. Licking structures did not increase remarkably during the milk-feeding period unlike that reported in the individually housed calves (Margerison et al, 2003). After weaning off milk, calves' time budget changed from licking objects and themselves towards eating dry feeds and ruminating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The time spent eating concentrates was less, but eating hay greater, than found in the individually housed calves by Margerison et al (2003). The differences could be due to social facilitation, causing calves to eat hay for a longer time and/or different quality of feeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Feed intake and oral behaviour of dairy calves housed individually or in groups in warm or cold buildings

Hepola¹,

Hänninen²,

Pursiainen³

et al. 2006

Livestock Science

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Feed intake and oral behaviour of dairy calves housed individually or in groups in warm or cold buildings

Hepola¹,

Hänninen²,

Pursiainen³

et al. 2006

Livestock Science

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“…Since the development of equine oral stereotypic behaviours, such as cribbiting, are linked to gastric inflammation and ulceration, such behaviours in foals may in part potentially be linked to the feeding of concentrated diets following weaning (Waters et al, 2002;Davidson, 2005). Interestingly, in dairy calves, stereotypic sucking behaviour following weaning can be reduced by slowing milk delivery during feeds and allowing suckling through a teat (Hammell et al, 1988;de Passille, 2001;Loberg and Lidfors, 2001), and allowing brief suckling from a cow post-milking (Margerison et al, 2003; see also review by Jensen, 2003).…”

Section: Nature Of the Pre-and Post-weaning Environment: Enrichment Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal deprivation and the development of stereotypic behaviour

Latham¹,

Mason

2008

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

149

123

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Many farm, laboratory, zoo and companion animals experience some form of maternal deprivation. This is typically via separation from their mothers earlier than would happen in free-living populations, in some cases even while young are still dependent upon milk. Maternal deprivation may also occur in a qualitative way, via inadequate maternal care, perhaps caused by inexperience or by restrictive environments that limit maternal behaviours. In this paper we review evidence on the link between early separation from the mother and abnormal behaviour from a wide range of sources, including the early primate studies in this field, more recent examples from zoo and commercially reared animals, and human examples from studies of institutionalised children. We discuss factors that seem to influence the magnitude of later effects, such as developmental stage and age at separation, and whether separation is gradual (i.e. more similar to natural separation) or abrupt (as often the case in captivity). In these instances, however, maternal deprivation is just one aspect of a suite of changes that occur when infants are separated from their mothers. In the second part of the paper we therefore review the few cases where maternal loss per se has been investigated, and studies showing lasting affects of qualitative aspects of maternal care. We then look at the possible mechanisms underlying maternal deprivation-induced stereotypic behaviours including potential frustration of specific motivations, and lasting, more pervasive changes for instance in temperament or motor control. Finally, we discuss the practical and welfare implications of the effects of maternal deprivation, and suggest some topics for future research. #

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“…This can result in digestive disorders, scouring and even higher mortality, especially where calves are kept in environments with high bacterial loads and/or poor farm biosecurity (Wise and Lemaster, 1968;Longenbach and Heinrichs, 1998;Blowey, 2008). In addition, certain behavioural issues can be seen in calves which consume milk at faster speeds (Haley et al, 1998;Margerison et al, 2003;Herskin et al, 2010). It appears that calves fed via fast flow systems, can become satiated more quickly, and therefore may not consume their daily allowance adequately, due to the large quantity of milk entering the immature stomach (Appleby et al, 2001;Jasper and Weary, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of teat flow rate in commercial milk feeding systems on calf digestion and performance

McInnes¹,

McInnes²,

Papworth³

et al. 2015

J. appl. anim. nutr.

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Seventy two, one day old Friesian heifer calves were fed whole milk either via regular or slow release teats on commercial calfeteria systems (Milkbar, McInnes Manufacturing Limited, Waipu, New Zealand) for 42 days. For the entire period, the consumption time for the calves fed on the regular flow rate teat calfeterias was twice as fast as for those fed using the slow teats. Meal intake was numerically higher for the calves fed milk using the slow teats. At day 42, calves on the slow teats had a strong trend towards higher daily gain. At 14 days of age, visual differences in curding were seen in the abomasum of culled calves, with the fast teat-fed animals having large lumps of curded milk surrounded by watery liquid, whereas the slow teat-fed calves had much smaller particle sized curding in thicker fluid. Lactose digestion in the stomach was significantly higher for the calves fed using the slow teats, and there was a strong trend for higher levels of free protein in the ileum. Using slow flow rate teats to feed calves from day old to weaning appears to have an important impact on digestive processes in the immature gut. Such improvements in digestion and rumen development in young calves may assist in the digestion of milk and other feeds, leading to improved growth performance. Under farm conditions, slow release teat systems may reduce scours and other digestive problems in young calves during peak milk intake (up to 15 d of age), due to increased ileal digestion of nutrients, preventing undigested nutrient flow to the hind gut. It may also reduce cross-sucking behaviour in calves, which is undesirable.

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Cross-sucking and other oral behaviours in calves, and their relation to cow suckling and food provision

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

Feed intake and oral behaviour of dairy calves housed individually or in groups in warm or cold buildings

Feed intake and oral behaviour of dairy calves housed individually or in groups in warm or cold buildings

Maternal deprivation and the development of stereotypic behaviour

Influence of teat flow rate in commercial milk feeding systems on calf digestion and performance

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