Crossability and cytological studies in Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum linnaeanum (Solanaceae).

Abstract

Crossing experiments involving the various groups ofSolanum macrocarpon L. complex, including wild (dasyphyllum), semi-wild and cultivars produced fully fertile F1 and F2 hybrids. This confirmed earlier findings that these groups belong to the same biological species. S. macrocarpon complex and S. linnaeanum Hepper ex Jaeger are isolated by reproductive barriers. F1 and F2 hybrids between various groups of S, macrocarpon showed heterosis. F2 superior hybrids were isolated as candidates for the future breeding programmes. Most wild-type traits like prickliness, hairiness were dominant to those possessed by cultivars. Relatively resistant hybrids to pest attack were noted. S. macrocarpon complex and S. linnaeanum are diploids (2n = 24). The overall nature of the karyotype suggests that the two are related. The F1 hybrids between the cultivars of S. macrocarpon and the wild group (S.dasyphyllum) showed normal meiosis. A lack of isolating barriers confirmed that S. macrocarpon complex constitute a single biological species.

Crossing relationships and chromosome numbers ofSolanumsectionSolanumin Uganda

“…Other measures of crossability such as % seed normality, defi ned as the percentage of fi rm, healthy, normal sized seeds capable of germination as opposed to malformed seeds, are considered of slightly less value. Th e crossability studies in S. macrocarpon and S. linneanum by Bukenya and Carasco (1995) concur with this assumption. At least 100 pollen grains from each of fi ve fl owers per plant were scored and the percentage stainability computed.…”

“…is a separate species. Knowledge on crossability also provides clues about the potential of interspecific hybridizations to improve cultivated species (López and Hawkes , Bukenya and Carasco ). Manoko () crossed three different forms of S. tarderemotum with S. florulentum .…”

Taxonomic valué of hairiness in <i>Centranthus calcitrapae</i> (L.) Dufresne fruits (<i>Valerianaceae</i>)

“…El estudio realizado en este trabajo a partir de los materiales existentes en el herbario del Jardín Botánico de Madrid (MA) permite afirmar que, en al menos seis pliegos, aparecen plantas con frutos hirsutos y glabros mezclados, sin otras diferencias que permitan mantener estas categorías taxonómi-cas, incluso la de forma (véase Anexo 1). Por ello llegamos a plantearnos la hipótesis de que muy bien podría tratarse de un carácter heredado genéticamente, como habían previamente demostrado BUKENYA & CARASCO (1995) en Solanum sp. y ALSTON (1999) en Prunus armeniaca L.…”

Μελέτη και αξιοποίηση διειδικών υβριδίων στη βελτίωση της μελιτζάνας (Solanum melongena)

“…Μάιηζηα γηα κεξηθά αγξνλνκηθά ραξαθηεξηζηηθά ηα δηεηδηθά πβξίδηα κπνξεί λα έρνπλ κεγαιύηεξν εηεξσηηθό δπλακηθό από ηα αληίζηνηρα ελδνεηδηθά (Changming et al, 2001). Δηδηθόηεξα ζην γέλνο Solanum, ην νπνίν πεξηιακβάλεη θπξίσο απηνγνληκνπνηνύκελα είδε θαη ν νκνδπγσηηθόο εθθπιηζκόο δελ απνηειεί πξόβιεκα, ππάξρνπλ αξθεηά παξαδείγκαηα δηεηδηθώλ πβξηδίσλ πνπ είλαη πην εύξσζηα από ηνπο γνλείο ηνπο (Bukenya and Carasco, 1995;Gisbert et al, 2011aGisbert et al, , 2011bKirti and Rao, 1982a;Lester and Kang, 1998).…”

“…dasyphyllum, S. macrocarpon θαη S. linnaeanum (Bukenya and Carasco, 1995 ηελ παξνύζα εξγαζία, ε εηέξσζε πνπ επέδεημαλ ηα δηεηδηθά πβξίδηα γηα ηα ραξαθηεξηζηηθά ηεο βιαζηηθήο αλάπηπμεο ζα κπνξνύζε λα νθείιεηαη ζε δύν θύξηνπο παξάγνληεο: 1) ζηε κεγάιε γελεηηθή απόζηαζε κεηαμύ ησλ γνλέσλ ηνπο θαη 2) ζηελ πνιύ ρακειή γνληκόηεηά ηνπο (Changming et al, 2001;Κξνκκύδαο, 2009). Οη Rodríguez-Burruezo et al ( 2008) ππνζηεξίδνπλ όηη ν βαζκόο ηεο εηέξσζεο ελόο F 1 πβξηδίνπ κειηηδάλαο κπνξεί λα εθηηκεζεί από ηε γελεηηθή απόζηαζε ησλ γνλέσλ ηνπ.…”