Biomembranes
based on sulfonated cellulose (SC) blended with PLA/PBS
composites were fabricated with different SC contents into polymer
matrices. The obtained membranes were applied as separators in lithium-ion
batteries (LIBs). The porosities of SC/biomembranes with 0.5, 1, and
2 wt % SC contents were estimated to be 66.6, 73.4, and 87.7%, respectively,
which are significantly greater than that of the Celgard 2400 membrane,
a commercial monolayer polypropylene (PP) separator membrane (42.1%).
Due to its high porosity, hydrophilicity, and good interfacial compatibility
with electrodes, the SC/biomembranes offer high electrolyte uptake
and low interfacial resistance, leading to enhanced ionic conductivity.
The cell with the 2 wt % SC/biomembrane also exhibited stable cycle
performance and improved rate capacity, especially when discharged
at the 0.2C rate. A 106 mAh/g capacity retention rate was achieved
for a battery with the 2 wt % SC/biomembrane after 100 cycles at the
1C rate; meanwhile, the Celgard 2400 membrane exhibited a capacity
of 81 mAh/g. These results show that SC has great innovative potential
for use as a biofiller in biomembranes, which is suitable for LIB
applications.