“…35 According to the XPS of the FCOPUs, the uorine content in the surface of 16FCOPUs was 1.03%, despite the theoretical uorine content being 1.92%; this may have resulted from castor oil with trifunctional groups, which may have formed the crosslinked structure of the FCOPUs, and such a crosslinked structure may inhibit uorinated segments from moving outward to the lm surface. 36 Additionally, the results revealed the O 1s binding energies of 8FCOPU, 12FCOPU, and 16FCOPU to be 532.38, 532.17, and 531.87 eV, respectively, implying that the O 1s binding energies decreased slightly with increases in the chain length. Berger et al 37 discussed the interaction of uorine and revealed the dipoledipole interaction in C-F/C]O, indicating that increases in the length of a uorinated chain extender might change the molecular interactions in PU lms.…”