Crossroads of extrathymic lymphocytes maturation pathways

Bubanovic, Ivan

doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00151-8

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This could possibly continue into an adult stage as a central (thymic) deletion of tumor-specific clones, or even as a peripheral deletion in the course of extrathymic lymphocyte maturation (22). Thus, most of the tumor determinants are expected to be immunologically silent; hence effective tumor immunity cannot be LQGXFHG YLD ³VHOI´-vaccination.…”

Section: Anti-tumor Immunity As Auto-immunity 7xprughyhorsphqwlviuhtxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auto-immunity as Evolutionary by Product of Adoptive Immunity and Source of Anti-tumor Immunity Failure

Bubanovic¹

2005

International J. of Cancer Research

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One of the biggest threats to survival is infection, so that the immune system is under permanent and strong evolutionary pressure to be highly responsive. By tracing the evolution of the invertebrate LPPXQH V\VWHP LW FDQ EH VHHQ WKDW LW ODUJHO\ IROORZHG WKH ³FODVVLFDO´ PRGHO EDVHG RQ EL-directional Evolution of the Vertebrate Immune SystemSome evolutionary processes can be studied directly, while the evolution of the immune system and immunity cannot. The evolution of immunity is a macro-evolutionary process, which can be studied by examining the patterns in biological populations or species of related organisms and inferring process from pattern. One of the possible ways to carry out a detailed investigation into the issue of the evolution of the immune system is virtually by comparing the characteristics of the immune system across species and classes. In addition, the determination of the genes and molecules conserved throughout evolution is helpful in identifying the mechanisms of the immune system evolution, while variable genes as well as the emergence of new genes along evolution enable the identification of various evolutionary pressures, their duration and strength. This provides a better understanding of how the immune system works under physiological and pathological conditions. This approach, however, is not an easy one since only few percent of the total number of species that have inhabited the planet to date are available for research. Notwithstanding this limiting factor, previous studies have produced sufficient findings for the construction of a hypothetical model of the evolution of the immune system in vertebrates, and also cleared the pathway towards reaching further relevant presumptions and conclusions.

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Section: Anti-tumor Immunity As Auto-immunity 7xprughyhorsphqwlviuhtxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auto-immunity as Evolutionary by Product of Adoptive Immunity and Source of Anti-tumor Immunity Failure

Bubanovic¹

2005

International J. of Cancer Research

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“…This phenomenon could also be involved to some extent in the development of antitumor immunity failure [12,13] ; 3. The mechanisms of peripheral maturation of lymphocytes and possible influence of these on the quality of the immune reaction have been also verified in most vertebrate classes [13] ; 4. The immune system of vertebrates is closely connected with auto-immunity being a by-product of the adaptive immunity.…”

Section: Anti-tumor Immunity Failure In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of MHC and costimulatory molecules expression, prostaglandine, Th2 cytokines, sex hormones, steroids and other factors could be promoter of extrathymic lymphocytes maturation in antigen-protective manner in mammalians. It is yet one of the mechanisms that are included in trophoblast and tumor escape [13] . 14.…”

Section: Anti-tumor Immunity Failure In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Oncology and Comparative Tumor Immunology

Bubanovic¹,

Najman²

2005

J. of Biological Sciences

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Abstract:Comparative oncology is a branch of comparative pathology that is relatively new biomedical discipline. The need for a comparative research into tumors across different groups of living beings has arisen from a relatively old notion that most of multicellular organisms may develop tumors. This apparently very simple fact indicate the possible nature of tumor growth, which can be associated with the basic features of the cells of multicellular organisms such as the division, development, growth and differentiation of cells and tissues. Regarding this, tumor growth is commonly defined as a fundamental disorder in the regulation of cell division, growth, differentiation and cell socialization. In all vertebrates, neoplasia is a disease in which genetically altered cells escape from the normal cell-cycle regulation and monitoring of the immune system. This results in a persistent, expanding or infiltrating growth without control and the architecture of the normal tissue. Concerning the facts that mechanisms of cell sociability control and anti-tumor immune monitoring might be different in different group of animals, especially, in different classes of vertebrates, development of disciplines such as comparative oncology and comparative tumor immunology can be of great scientific importance.

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“…Also, the immunological properties of the two tissues are very similar. Whether or not cancer originated from a trophoblast, the cells and the immunological events appear to act in a similar way (reviewed in Bubanovic, 2003aBubanovic, , 2003d.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ideas in Theoretical Biology - Failure of Anti-Tumor Immunity in Mammals - Evolution of the Hypothesis

Bubanovic

Najman²

2004

Acta Biotheor

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Observations on the morphological and functional similarity between embryonic or trophoblast tissues and tumors are very old. Over a period of time many investigators have created different hypotheses on the origin of cancerogenesis or tumor efficiency in relation to the host immune system. Some of these ideas have been rejected but many of them are still current. A presumption of the inefficiency of anti-tumor immunity in mammals due to the high similarity between trophoblast and embryonic cells to tumor cells is very real. The mechanisms for the escape of tumors from the immune response are very similar to the mechanisms for the escape of a fetoplacental unit from the maternal immune response. The similarity between these two mechanisms is so great that any randomness must be banished. At the same time, an incidence of malignant tumors and the types of more frequent tumors in non-mammalian vertebrates is significantly different to that in mammals. Lastly, the mechanisms of anti-tumor immunity in mammals are substantially different from the mechanisms of anti-tumor immunity in other classes of vertebrates. These facts indicate that the immune system of mammals during anti-tumor immune response is tricked by the similarity between tumor cells and trophoblast or other placental cells. From this aspect, our conclusion is that anti-tumor immunity failure in mammals can be defined as an immunoreproductive phenomenon, which is developed under the evolutionary pressure of autoimmunity and reproductive effectiveness.

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Crossroads of extrathymic lymphocytes maturation pathways

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Auto-immunity as Evolutionary by Product of Adoptive Immunity and Source of Anti-tumor Immunity Failure

Auto-immunity as Evolutionary by Product of Adoptive Immunity and Source of Anti-tumor Immunity Failure

Comparative Oncology and Comparative Tumor Immunology

Ideas in Theoretical Biology - Failure of Anti-Tumor Immunity in Mammals - Evolution of the Hypothesis

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