Crosstalk Among circRNA/lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA in Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that is pervasive in life, and the incidence and mortality of OA are increasing, causing many adverse effects on people’s life. Therefore, it is very vital to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of OA. ncRNA is a nonprotein-coding RNA that does not translate into proteins but participates in protein translation. At the RNA level, it can perform biological functions. Many studies have found that miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA are closely related to the course of OA and play important regulatory roles in transcription, post-transcription, and post-translation, which can be used as biological targets for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of OA. In this review, we summarized and described the various roles of different types of miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in OA, the roles of different lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in OA, and the possible prospects of these ncRNAs in clinical application.

High Mobility Group Proteins in Sepsis

“…miRNA is a kind of small single-stranded RNA molecule encoded by endogenous genes, with a length of about 22 nucleotides. It is not translated into protein, but participates in the process of protein translation ( 74 ). miRNA has three main characteristics: time and space specificity, high selectivity and conservation of structure and sequence, which makes it an ideal biomarker for medical clinical diagnosis ( 75 ).…”

Non-Coding RNA Networks as Potential Novel Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Sepsis and Sepsis-Related Multi-Organ Failure

“…CRP, as a component of the innate immune system, during infection may recognize various pathogens associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as phospholipid fragments released from damaged cells consequently activating the complement system and finally inducing the death of the targeted cells [ 28 ]. CRP is released into the bloodstream after 4–6 h after an inflammatory stimulus and a plasma peak is reached in 36 to 50 h [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Several conditions besides infection can result in the elevation of the CRP-serum level [ 30 ]; a meta-analysis of Simon et al [ 31 ] demonstrated a sensitivity of 75% [95% CI: 62–84%] and a specificity of 67% [95% CI: 56–77%] for CRP in differentiating bacterial infection from the noninfective cause of inflammation.…”

“…Further demonstrating the increasing biological value that non-coding RNAs are proving to have, they seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of different diseases [ 18 ], and, given the complex interweaving between circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs, various studies have addressed the issue of their role as novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in many pathologic conditions including sepsis [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Whole Transcriptome Mapping Identifies an Immune- and Metabolism-Related Non-coding RNA Landscape Remodeled by Mechanical Stress in IL-1β-Induced Rat OA-like Chondrocytes

“…However, the comprehensive understanding of mechanical response of chondrocyte transcriptome landscape, including mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs, and circular RNAs (circRNAs), is still absent. The roles of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in mechanotransduction remain elusive, while some ncRNAs were identified as the indispensable participators in OA pathogenesis ( Li et al, 2018 ; Malemud, 2018 ; Kong et al, 2021 ).…”