“…Emerging evidence indicates that exosomal lncRNAs and circRNAs are influential modulators of lung cancer drug resistance. By transporting diverse drug-resistant biomolecules, these exosomal non-coding RNAs play critical roles in lung cancer development, metastatic recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance [ 42 , 79 ]. For instance, exosomal lncRNA FOXD3-AS1 enhances ELAVL1 expression, activating the PI3K/Akt pathway to fortify lung cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and 5-fluorouracil resistance [ 58 ].…”