Crosstalk between traditional Chinese medicine‐derived polysaccharides and the gut microbiota: A new perspective to understand traditional Chinese medicine

Yue, Bingjie; Zong, Gangfan; Tao, Ruizhi; Wei, Zhonghong; Lu, Yin

doi:10.1002/ptr.7607

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Growing evidences revealed that polysaccharides possess complex biological activities and a variety of biological functions involved in antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, immune regulation activities and so on ( 21 ). Of note, polysaccharides are widely present in TCM and considered as one of the important bioactive ingredients in TCM ( 22 ). Additionally, polysaccharides can be divided into homopolysaccharides and heteropolysaccharides according to the composition of monosaccharides.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Astragalus Polysaccharidementioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus polysaccharide: implication for intestinal barrier, anti-inflammation, and animal production

Liang,

Tao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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Intestine is responsible for nutrients absorption and plays a key role in defending against various dietary allergens, antigens, toxins, and pathogens. Accumulating evidence reported a critical role of intestine in maintaining animal and human health. Since the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed has been restricted in many countries, alternatives to antibiotics have been globally investigated, and polysaccharides are considered as environmentally friendly and promising alternatives to improve intestinal health, which has become a research hotspot due to its antibiotic substitution effect. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a biological macromolecule, is extracted from astragalus and has been reported to exhibit complex biological activities involved in intestinal barrier integrity maintenance, intestinal microbiota regulation, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, and immune response regulation, which are critical for intestine health. The biological activity of APS is related to its chemical structure. In this review, we outlined the source and structure of APS, highlighted recent findings on the regulation of APS on physical barrier, biochemical barrier, immunological barrier, and immune response as well as the latest progress of APS as an antibiotic substitute in animal production. We hope this review could provide scientific basis and new insights for the application of APS in nutrition, clinical medicine and health by understanding particular effects of APS on intestine health, anti-inflammation, and animal production.

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Section: Characteristics Of Astragalus Polysaccharidementioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus polysaccharide: implication for intestinal barrier, anti-inflammation, and animal production

Liang,

Tao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…Importantly, SCFAs are recognized as a mediator in gut-brain axis communication to help the recovery of various neurologic diseases, including AD and PD [158]. In addition, TCM polysaccharides modulate the composition of the beneficial and pathogenic bacteria to relieve intestinal dysbiosis due to an unbalanced diet, antibiotic treatment, stress stimuli, or some disease conditions [159].…”

Section: Immunomodulatory Effect Of Tcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation increases the susceptibility of neurodegenerative diseases: intervention with traditional Chinese medicine

Sun

Yan

Niu

et al. 2022

Acta Materia Medica

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Owing to environmental and lifestyle changes in modern society, physical and mental stress is on the rise among the population in attempting to compensate for the changes. Stress, defined as a series of non-specific responses to abnormal internal and external stimuli, has long been recognized to increase susceptibility to various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), a neurotropic herpes virus, establishes latent infections in the trigeminal ganglia for the lifetime of the host. Upon reactivation, the latent HSV-1 enters the lytic cycle, which not only causes a substantial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the neurons, but also induces glial cells to produce inflammatory mediators, eventually resulting in neuronal damage and occurrence of NDs. Remarkably, both physical and psychological stress are common stimuli leading to latent HSV-1 reactivation. Acyclovir is a classic antiviral drug for the treatment of HSV-1 infection and recurrence, but acyclovir cannot reverse neuronal damage caused by HSV-1 reactivation. Recent studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has advantages in the treatment of NDs. In addition, TCM is thought to prevent latent HSV-1 reactivation and NDs, which may involve regulation of the neuro-endocrine-immune network, treatment of emotional disorders, and modulation of oxidative stress. Understanding the mechanism underlying stress-induced reactivation of latent HSV-1 and the potential consequences of NDs is needed. TCM may be a promising alternative therapy for related diseases.

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“…In fact, TCM usually exhibits its effects through the gut microbiota [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Studies have demonstrated that TCM can directly alter the diversity and composition of gut microbiota [ 23 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Shikonin Potentially Alters Intestinal Flora to Alleviate Acute Inflammation

Liang,

Ju,

Liu

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Shikonin, derived from the herb Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Purple Cromwell), is extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent; however, its effect on the intestinal flora is not yet known. Herein, we demonstrate that, compared to a blank control group, the intragastric administration of shikonin suppressed the swelling rate of ears in a mouse model of acute inflammation in a dose-dependent manner via animal experiments; furthermore, the 20 mg/kg shikonin treatment exhibited the highest inhibitory effect. In formal animal experimentation, we discovered that the inhibitory effect of shikonin with 20 mg/kg on inflammation was closely linked to the intestinal flora, whereby the microbiota phylum was altered in feces through a 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, implying that shikonin improves gut microbiota structures and compositions to counteract inflammation. Notably, using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), a Western blotting assay, and an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, we found that inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β reduced in both the shikonin-administration group and the positive control group than those in the blank control group, as expected. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to outline the underlying mechanism through which shikonin acts on gut microbes to alleviate acute inflammation, providing an alternative mechanism for shikonin to become a preventive agent in countering inflammation.

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Crosstalk between traditional Chinese medicine‐derived polysaccharides and the gut microbiota: A new perspective to understand traditional Chinese medicine

Cited by 18 publications

References 101 publications

Astragalus polysaccharide: implication for intestinal barrier, anti-inflammation, and animal production

Astragalus polysaccharide: implication for intestinal barrier, anti-inflammation, and animal production

Latent herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation increases the susceptibility of neurodegenerative diseases: intervention with traditional Chinese medicine

Natural Shikonin Potentially Alters Intestinal Flora to Alleviate Acute Inflammation

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