Crosstalk of MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Cancer

Abstract

Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and body’s capability to detoxify the reactive mediators or to fix the relating damage. MicroRNAs are considered to be important mediators that play essential roles in the regulation of diverse aspects of carcinogenesis. Growing studies have demonstrated that the ROS can regulate microRNA biogenesis and expression mainly through modulating biogenesis course, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes. On the other hand, microRNAs may in turn modulate the redox signaling pathways, altering their integrity, stability, and functionality, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Both ROS and microRNAs have been identified to be important regulators and potential therapeutic targets in cancers. However, the information about the interplay between oxidative stress and microRNA regulation is still limited. The present review is aimed at summarizing the current understanding of molecular crosstalk between microRNAs and the generation of ROS in the pathogenesis of cancer.

The Impact of Spaceflight and Microgravity on the Human Islet-1+ Cardiovascular Progenitor Cell Transcriptome

“…This observation is due, in part, to the expression of multifunctional miRNAs such as the miRNA-17–92 cluster. Upregulated members of the miRNA-17–92 cluster positively regulate cell cycle progression [ 50 ] and proliferation [ 51 ], increase Yap1 expression [ 52 ], and protect against oxidative stress [ 53 ]. In our study, spaceflight increased the expression of miRNA-17 by 3.05- and 2.94-fold change in adult and neonatal CPCs, respectively.…”

The Anticancer Effects of Flavonoids through miRNAs Modulations in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

“…Cellular redox homeostasis is maintained under normal physiological conditions by balancing the endogenous antioxidant system and RONS generation. Dysregulation in this balance has been associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, evasion of apoptosis, migration, and survival, with the tendency to introduce and promote tumorigenesis [286][287][288][289].…”

Advances in Understanding Mitochondrial MicroRNAs (mitomiRs) on the Pathogenesis of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)

“…As such, intracellular ROS status plays a critical role in cell growth and survival. Indeed, a cluster of miRs functions to dictate the imbalance between the production of ROS and the activity of antioxidant defence system, resulting in the disruption of redox homeostasis and ultimately cancer cell apoptosis [ 22 ]. A study conducted by Eades et al has demonstrated that miR-200a serves as repressor on TNBC cells by perturbing antioxidant defence mechanism [ 51 ].…”

“…Mounting evidence in recent years has noted the translational implication of mitomiRs in metabolic disorder, degenerative diseases, and cancer [ 22 – 24 ]. Their functions in modulating multiple aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis permit alterations in cancer metabolism, growth, metastasis, and sensitivity to clinical drugs.…”