“…In TC, organizations post their problems to IT-mediated crowds on platforms such as Innocentive, eYeka, and Kaggle (Afuah & Tucci, 2012) or through in-house platforms such as Challenge.gov (Brabham, 2013c). These platforms generally attract and maintain more or less specialized crowds premised on the platform's specific focus; for example, eYeka's crowd creates advertising collateral for brands, while the crowd at Kaggle focuses on data science solutions (Ben Taieb & Hyndman, 2013;Roth & Kimani, 2014). When applied to innovation, these platforms have been termed open innovation platforms (Sawhney, Prandelli, & Verona, 2013), and represent both the idea generation and problem-solving aspects of crowdsourcing (Brabham, 2008;Morgan & Wang, 2010).…”