Cruciferous Vegetable Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review

Lam, Tram Kim; Gallicchio, Lisa; Lindsley, Kristina; Shiels, Meredith S.; Hammond, Edward R.; Tao, Xuguang Grant; Chen, Liwei; Robinson, Karen A.; Caulfield, Laura E.; Herman, James G.; Güallar, Eliseo; Alberg, Anthony J.

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0710

Cited by 196 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Consumption of these vegetables has been repeatedly associated to lower cancer incidence in epidemiological studies, and it is believed that glucosinolates may be liable for this effect (Ambrosone et al, 2004;Lam et al, 2009). Once the vegetable is disrupted via either mastication or chewing, the enzyme so-called myrosinase (β-thioglucoside glucohydrolase) get in touch with the glucosinolate altering it to the isothiocyanate; the same thing happen in the human intestine by microflora myrosinase (Verkerk et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulforaphane is Superior to Glucoraphanin in Modulating Carcinogen-Metabolising Enzymes in Hep G2 Cells

Razis

Noor²

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Glucoraphanin is the main glucosinolate found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae). The objective of the study was to evaluate whether glucoraphanin and its breakdown product sulforaphane, are potent modulators of various phase I and phase II enzymes involved in carcinogen-metabolising enzyme systems in vitro. The glucosinolate glucoraphanin was isolated from cruciferous vegetables and exposed to human hepatoma cell line HepG2 at various concentrations (0-25 µM) for 24 hours. Glucoraphanin at higher concentration (25 µM) decreased dealkylation of methoxyresorufin, a marker for cytochrome P4501 activity; supplementation of the incubation medium with myrosinase (0.018 U), the enzyme that converts glucosinolate to its corresponding isothiocyanate, showed minimal induction in this enzyme activity at concentration 10 µM. Quinone reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities were unaffected by this glucosinolate; however, supplementation of the incubation medium with myrosinase elevated quinone reductase activity. It may be inferred that the breakdown product of glucoraphanin, in this case sulforaphane, is superior than its precursor in modulating carcinogenmetabolising enzyme systems in vitro and this is likely to impact on the chemopreventive activity linked to cruciferous vegetable consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulforaphane is Superior to Glucoraphanin in Modulating Carcinogen-Metabolising Enzymes in Hep G2 Cells

Razis

Noor²

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Cruciferous vegetables have been widely accepted as potential diet components that may reduce the risk of cancer [1] . Isothiocyanates are abundant in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, watercress, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, Japanese radish and cauliflower, and they significantly contribute to the cancer chemopreventive activity of these vegetables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are isothiocyanates potential anti-cancer drugs?

2009

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Isothiocyanates are naturally occurring small molecules that are formed from glucosinolate precursors of cruciferous vegetables. Many isothiocyanates, both natural and synthetic, display anticarcinogenic activity because they reduce activation of carcinogens and increase their detoxification. Recent studies show that they exhibit anti-tumor activity by affecting multiple pathways including apoptosis, MAPK signaling, oxidative stress, and cell cycle progression. This review summarizes the current knowledge on isothiocyanates and focuses on their role as potential anti-cancer agents.

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“…Other authors have demonstrated gene-diet-dependent effects on reduced DNA damage (Palli et al 2004), reduced prostate cancer risk (Steinbrecher et al 2010), and increased levels of GST alpha (Lampe et al 2000). These interactions among genotype, cruciferous vegetables, and lung cancer risk have also been confirmed in a systematic analysis (Lam et al 2009). In a recent review (McCann et al 2010), the authors assessed the evidence and made the following statement:…”

Section: Personalized Nutrition: If Not Now When?mentioning

confidence: 62%

Do we know enough? A scientific and ethical analysis of the basis for genetic-based personalized nutrition

et al. 2013

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This article discusses the prospects and limitations of the scientific basis for offering personalized nutrition advice based upon individual genetic information. Two divergent scientific positions are presented, with an ethical comment. The crucial question is whether the current knowledge base is sufficiently strong for taking an ethically responsible decision to offer personalized nutrition advice based upon gene-diet-health interaction. According to the first position, the evidence base for translating the outcomes of nutrigenomics research into personalized nutritional advice is as yet immature. There is also limited evidence that genotype-based dietary advice will motivate appropriate behavior changes. Filling the gaps in our knowledge will require larger and better randomized controlled trials. According to the second position, personalized nutrition must be evaluated in relation to generally accepted standard dietary advice-partly derived from epidemiological observations and usually not proven by clinical trials. With personalized nutrition, we cannot demand stronger evidence. In several specific cases of gene-diet interaction, it may be more beneficial for individuals with specific genotypes to follow personalized advice rather than general dietary recommendations. The ethical comment, finally, considers the ethical aspects of deciding how to proceed in the face of such uncertainty. Two approaches for an ethically responsible way forward are proposed. Arguing from a precautionary approach, it is suggested that personalized dietary advice should be offered only when there is strong scientific evidence for health effects, followed by stepwise evaluation of unforeseen behavioral and psychological effects. Arguing from theoretical and applied ethics as well as psychology, it is also suggested that personalized advice should avoid paternalism and instead focus on supporting the autonomous choice of each person.

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Cruciferous Vegetable Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review

Cited by 196 publications

References 62 publications

Sulforaphane is Superior to Glucoraphanin in Modulating Carcinogen-Metabolising Enzymes in Hep G2 Cells

Sulforaphane is Superior to Glucoraphanin in Modulating Carcinogen-Metabolising Enzymes in Hep G2 Cells

Are isothiocyanates potential anti-cancer drugs?

Do we know enough? A scientific and ethical analysis of the basis for genetic-based personalized nutrition

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