“…Characteristics of incivility include: interactions between students and faculty that who are challenging, abrasive, discourteous, aggressive, uncomfortable, distressing, or include threats [3,33]; misconduct that can include verbal or physical abuse [34,35]; and disruptive behaviors that interfere with the teaching and learning process [3,5,29]. Often these characteristics manifest themselves in the cruel comments directed at faculty by students in face to face interactions within the classroom and clinical setting, and in SEOCS [20,28]. Incivility can range on a continuum of student behaviors from annoying acts to criminal conduct [33,36] and, if left unchecked, can manifest itself as horizontal hostility, or lateral violence to include incivility between and among students, faculty, and nurses [29,31,36].…”