Crustal Deformation Process in the Mid‐Niigata Region of the Niigata‐Kobe Tectonic Zone as Observed by Dense GPS Network Before, During, and After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake

Meneses-Gutierrez, Angela; Sagiya, Takeshi; Sekine, Shutaro

doi:10.1029/2018jb015567

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…According to the analysis of GNSS data by Meneses-Gutierrez et al (2018), the zone with about 10-20% smaller elastic stiffness spanning the width of 30-40 km is needed in order to explain coseismic deformation data. Because the width of the NKTZ is taken to be about 100 km in this study, this effect corresponds to about 5% exaggeration of the elastic deformation in average within the NKTZ than the surrounding area.…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of plastic strain using GNSS data of pre- and post-seismic deformation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake

Fukahata¹,

Meneses-Gutierrez²,

Sagiya³

2020

Earth Planets Space

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In general, there are three mechanisms causing crustal deformation: elastic, viscous, and plastic deformation. The separation of observed crustal deformation to each component has been a challenging problem. In this study, we succeed in separating plastic deformation as well as viscous deformation in the northern Niigata–Kobe Tectonic Zone (NKTZ), central Japan, using GNSS data before and after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake, under the assumptions that elastic deformation is principally caused by the plate coupling along the Japan trench and that plastic deformation ceased after the Tohoku-oki earthquake due to the stress drop caused by the earthquake. The cessation of plastic deformation can be understood with the concept of stress shadow used in the field of seismic activity. The separated strain rates are about 30 nanostrain/year both for the plastic deformation in the preseismic period and for the viscous deformation in both the pre- and post-seismic periods, which means that the inelastic strain rate in the northern NKTZ is about 60 and 30 nanostrain/year in the pre- and post-seismic periods, respectively. This result requires the revision of the strain-rate paradox in Japan. The strain rate was exceptionally faster before the Tohoku-oki earthquake due to the effect of plastic strain, and the discrepancy between the geodetic and geologic strain rates is much smaller in usual time, when the plastic strain is off. In order to estimate the onset timing of plastic deformation, the information on stress history is essentially important.

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Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of plastic strain using GNSS data of pre- and post-seismic deformation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake

Fukahata¹,

Meneses-Gutierrez²,

Sagiya³

2020

Earth Planets Space

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“…We support this interpretation. Besides, the central Japan region includes the Niigata-Kobe Tectonic Zone with active inland earthquakes and high strain rates (Sagiya et al 2000;Meneses-Gutierrez et al 2018). The small azimuthal difference between τ Hmax and S Hmax may be related to the inelastic deformation of the lower crust or mantle beneath the Niigata-Kobe Tectonic Zone (Iio et al 2002;Yamasaki and Seno 2005) serving to bridge the azimuthal difference.…”

Section: Temporal Change Of Azimuthal Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the whole, the differences in the azimuths of the maximum contraction of geodetic strain rate (τ Hmax ) and those of the maximum compressive stress (S Hmax ) well corresponded to regional seismotectonics for the Japanese Islands, regardless of speci c areas such as a forearc. While they probably re ected the past deformation history in each region, they may also be related to the spatially heterogeneous inelastic rheology of rocks (e.g., Meneses-Gutierrez et al 2018;Becker et al 2018;Yuasa et al 2020). Further interesting results on those details can be obtained by estimating offshore strain-rate elds based on sea oor crustal deformation data (e.g., Yokota et al 2018).…”

Section: Temporal Change Of Azimuthal Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

Azimuthal differences and changes in strain rate and stress of the Japanese Islands deduced from geophysical data

Kosugi

Mitsui

2022

Preprint

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Geodetic and seismological observations have shown discrepancies between azimuths of maximum contraction of strain rates and maximum compression of stress. These discrepancies can be the results of the superposition of localized or transient mechanical processes such as fault coupling during seismic cycles. Rich sets of recent geophysical data allow us to conduct spatiotemporal imaging of the discrepancies. Here, we estimate the spatiotemporal evolution in the strain-rate fields of the Japanese Islands with optimized smoothing distances from 1997 to 2021 using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, and investigate how the maximum contraction axes of horizontal strain rates differ from those of horizontal stress based on earthquake focal mechanisms. Several characteristic results are observed for each region within the Japanese Islands. Both azimuths of the strain rates and stress differ by more than 60 degrees over hundreds of kilometers from the Kanto region to along the Nankai Trough, related to seismotectonics due to the dual subduction of the Philippine Sea plate and the Pacific plate beneath the Japanese Islands. The azimuthal differences tend to be small along tectonic zones with active inland earthquakes and high strain rates on the back-arc sides. We also find that the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake caused notable azimuthal differences in the strain rates and the stress in the Tohoku region. Our dataset has wide spatiotemporal coverage and can serve as a basis for further research, for example, to estimate the current fault conditions during seismic cycles.

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“…As mentioned above, Meneses-Gutierrez and Sagiya (2016) have successfully separated inelastic deformation from observed GNSS data around the Niigata plain in the northern NKTZ. Following the study, to quantitatively explain the observed GNSS data, Meneses-Gutierrez et al (2018) have constructed a model that has an aseismic fault embedded in an elastically heterogeneous medium. Because the study also mainly focused on the separation of the elastic and inelastic deformation, it paid relatively less attention on the difference of inelastic strain rates before and after the Tohoku-oki earthquake.…”

Section: Crustal Deformation In the Nktzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when we examine the observed GNSS data in detail, we can notice that the separated inelastic strain rate is significantly faster before the Tohoku-oki earthquake. Meneses-Gutierrez et al (2018) tried to interpret this observation with a combination of persistent inelastic deformation and elastic heterogeneity effect. However, a possibility of significant temporal change of inelastic deformation has not been seriously considered.…”

Section: Crustal Deformation In the Nktzmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Plastic Strain Using GNSS Data of Pre- and Post-Seismic Deformation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki Earthquake

Fukahata

Meneses-Gutierrez

Sagiya

2020

Preprint

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<p>In general, there are three mechanisms causing crustal deformation: elastic, viscous, and plastic deformation. The separation of observed crustal deformation to each component has been a challenging problem. Meneses-Gutierrez and Sagiya (2016, EPSL) have successfully separated inelastic deformation from observed geodetic data from the comparison of GNSS data before and after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake in the northern Niigata-Kobe tectonic zone (NKTZ), central Japan. In this study, we further succeed in separating plastic deformation as well as viscous deformation in the northern NKTZ using GNSS data before and after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake, under the assumptions that elastic deformation is principally caused by the plate coupling along the Japan trench and that plastic deformation ceased after the Tohoku-oki earthquake due to the stress drop caused by the earthquake. The cease of plastic deformation can be understood with the concept of stress shadow used in the field of seismic activity. The separated strain rates are about 30 nanostrain/yr both for the plastic deformation in the preseismic period and for the viscous deformation in both the pre- and post-seismic periods, which means that the inelastic strain rate in the northern NKTZ is about 60 and 30 nanostrain/yr in the pre- and post-seismic periods, respectively. This result requires the revision of the strain rate paradox in Japan. The strain rate was exceptionally faster before the Tohoku-oki earthquake due to the effect of plastic strain, and the discrepancy between the geodetic and geologic strain rates is much smaller in usual time, when the plastic strain is off. In oder to understand the onset timing of plastic deformation, the information on stress history is essentially important.</p><p>&#160;</p>

show abstract

Crustal Deformation Process in the Mid‐Niigata Region of the Niigata‐Kobe Tectonic Zone as Observed by Dense GPS Network Before, During, and After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Detection of plastic strain using GNSS data of pre- and post-seismic deformation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake

Detection of plastic strain using GNSS data of pre- and post-seismic deformation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake

Azimuthal differences and changes in strain rate and stress of the Japanese Islands deduced from geophysical data

Detection of Plastic Strain Using GNSS Data of Pre- and Post-Seismic Deformation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki Earthquake

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