Crustal Detachment and Destruction of the Keel of North China Craton: Constraints from Late Mesozoic Extensional Structures

Liu, Junlai; Davis, G. A.; Ji, Mo; Huimei, Guan; Bai, Xiaoyong

doi:10.1016/s1872-5791(08)60063-9

Cited by 65 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Reasons for development of the surprisingly homogeneous NW-SE extensional field in eastern Asia remain controversial, but in our and others' opinions (Cope and Graham, 2007;Darby et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2008) have little or nothing to do with the profound and puzzling loss or conversion of subcontinental lithospheric mantle that is well documented in easternmost China (Chen et al, 2003;Gao et al, 2002;Xu, 2001). The pattern of variable lithospheric thickness across eastern Asia from the Dabie Shan to southern Siberia has no obvious spatial relationship to either the belts of Early Cretaceous mcc's or the synchronous extensional basins that lie between them Meng, 2003).…”

Section: Extensionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Early Cretaceous overprinting of the Mesozoic Daqing Shan fold-and-thrust belt by the Hohhot metamorphic core complex, Inner Mongolia, China

Davis

Darby

2010

Geoscience Frontiers

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103

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The Early Cretaceous Hohhot metamorphic core complex (mcc) of the Daqing Shan (Mtns.) of central Inner Mongolia is among the best exposed and most spectacular of the spatially isolated mcc's that developed within the northern edge of the North China "craton". All of these mcc's were formed within the basement of a Late Paleozoic Andean-style arc and across older Mesozoic fold-and-thrust belts of variable age and tectonic vergence. The master Hohhot detachment fault roots southwards within the southern margin of the Daqing Shan for an along-strike distance of at least 120 km. Its geometry in the range to the north is complicated by interference patterns between (1) primary, large-scale NW-SE-trending convex and concave fault corrugations and (2) secondary ENE-WSW-trending antiforms and synforms that folded the detachment in its late kinematic history. As in the Whipple Mtns. of California, the Hohhot master detachment is not of the Wernicke (1981) simple rooted type; instead, it was spawned from a mid-crustal shear zone, the top of which is preserved as a mylonitic front within Carboniferous metasedimentary rocks in its exhumed lower plate. 40 Are 39 Ar dating of siliceous volcanic rocks in basal sections of now isolated supradetachment basins suggest that crustal extension began at ca. 127 Ma, although lower-plate mylonitic rocks were not exposed to erosion until after ca. 119 Ma. Essentially Geoscience Frontiers journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gsf Geoscience Frontiers (2010) 1, 1e20 synchronous cooling of hornblende, biotite, and muscovite in footwall mylonitic gneisses indicates very rapid exhumation and at ca. 122e120 Ma. Contrary to several recent reports, the master detachment clearly cuts across and dismembers older, north-directed thrust sheets of the Daqing Shan foreland fold-and-thrust belt. Folded and thrust-faulted basalts within its foredeep strata are as young as 132.6 AE 2.4 Ma, thus defining within 5e6 Ma the regional tectonic transition between crustal contraction and profound crustal extension. ª

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Section: Extensionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Early Cretaceous overprinting of the Mesozoic Daqing Shan fold-and-thrust belt by the Hohhot metamorphic core complex, Inner Mongolia, China

Davis

Darby

2010

Geoscience Frontiers

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103

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“…The extensional structures provide an opportunity to explore the mechanisms of the crustal extension and lithosphere thinning of the NCC. Although there are significant differences between the Liaodong extensional structures, and the extensional structures in the other parts of the NCC [3,4], e.g., the rooting depth of the detachment faults, and the age of faulting, the constitutions, internal structures, attitudes, kinematics and dynamics of the structures are highly consistent with each other.…”

Section: The Extensional Structural Associations and Regional Tectonimentioning

confidence: 97%

“…They provide an opportunity to the understanding of the mechanisms of crustal extension and lithosphere thinning of the NCC in Early Cretaceous. Many aspects of the extensional structures, e.g., the constitutions, structures, and kinematics etc., in the Liaodong Peninsula are identical to those of the extensional structures from the other parts of the NCC [3,4]. It is therefore reasonable to consider the Liaodong Peninsula as a representative of the NCC, with respect to the shallow structural deformation during the destruction of the craton and thinning of its lithosphere in late Mesozoic.…”

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confidence: 99%

Early cretaceous extensional structures in the Liaodong Peninsula: Structural associations, geochronological constraints and regional tectonic implications

Liu

Shen

et al. 2011

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Various extensional structures, e.g., half grabens, detachment faults, and metamorphic core complexes, were formed in the Liaodong Peninsula. There are two metamorphic core complexes (mcc's) in the western part of the Peninsula, i.e. the Liaonan mcc and the Wanfu mcc. They share the same lower plate and constitute a conjugate mcc pair. The Dayingzi detachment fault system and the three half grabens are exposed in the central and eastern parts, respectively. U-Pb dating of zircons from syntectonic plutons in the lower plates of the detachment faults and volcanic rocks from half graben basins indicates that their formation spans from 135 to 106 Ma, although the individual structure may be formed at a particular stage. Despite the differences in age of formation, in the regional attitudes, and in rooting depths, the extensional structures have great similarities in their kinematics, geometrical asymmetry, and coeval tectono-magmatic activities etc. Macroscopically, the extensional structures constitute conjugate associations, but a particular one generally has asymmetric patterns. Early Cretaceous extensional structures extend from the Liaodong Peninsula to North China, Northeast China, South China, and eastern Mongolia and Transbaikal area in Russia. The extensional structures from different areas share many common features. The Liaodong Peninsula is the miniature of the East Asia with respect to the formation of extensional structures in Early Cretaceous. It is suggested that the interaction of the Izanagi Plate with Eurasia Plate is responsible for the extension of crust. The structural mobility of the lithosphere, partly attributed to the fluid flow at the depth, and detachment faulting in both the crustal and mantle lithosphere provide important constraints on the development of Early Cretaceous extensional structures in the East Asia. Liaodong Peninsula, Cretaceous extension, geochronology, East Asia, the North China Craton Citation:Liu J L, Ji M, Shen L, et al. Early Cretaceous extensional structures in the Liaodong Peninsula: Structural associations, geochronological constraints and regional tectonic implications.

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“…In the NCC, MCCs predominate over the other two types of extensional structures. Meanwhile, the detachment faults responsible for the formation of the extensional structures were formed in the range from 140 to 90 Ma with a peak age of formation between 130 and 110 Ma [11,22,23,25]. From the distribution of various extensional structures developed in dif- …”

Section: Regional Tectonic Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their footwalls, however, move almost in the same direction (i.e., WNW-ESE), with an average orientation of stretching lineation between SE130° and NW310°, implying that the extensional structures are formed in an identical stress field. Their formation age spans from 140 to 90 Ma, with the peak age ranging from 130 to 110 Ma [11,22,23].…”

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confidence: 99%

The Dayingzi detachment fault system in Liaodong Peninsula and its regional tectonic significance

Shen

Liu

et al. 2011

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Large scale lithosphere thinning is an important characteristic of the destruction of the North China Craton (NCC) during the late Mesozoic. A series of extensional structures were developed under extensional setting, among which is the Dayingzi detachment fault system (DFS). The DFS is constituted by three parts, volcano-sedimentary basins at the hanging wall, the Dayingzi-Huanghuadian detachment fault zone, and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rock series and Mesozoic plutons at the footwall. In the section across the detachment fault zone, there is a sequence of tectonites including fault gouge, microbreccia, cataclastic-mylonites, mylonites, and gneissic biotite monzonite granite. Microstructural characteristics of tectonites and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns of quartz indicate that the rocks from the footwall experienced a process from upper greenschist facies to lower greenschist facies. SHRIMP and LA-ICP MS U-Pb dating of zircons from the volcanic rocks in the basins, the tectonic evolution of the DFS is summarized as follows: 1) regional extension started at 135.0±1.2 Ma ago, when the detachment fault cut through the middle crust. Faulting induced the upwelling of magma and eruption of volcanic rocks and deformed a series of medium-acid volcanic rocks; 2) after 135.0±1.2 Ma, a large scale detachment faulting was active cross-cutting the mid-upper crust. The western margin of Jurassic and Triassic granite was ductilly and brittly sheared; besides, the Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks were tilted when the master fault approached the surface; 3) at around 127±1 Ma, the detachment fault stopped its activity and was intruded by the unsheared Cretaceous granite near Chaoyang. Comparison with the Liaonan metamorphic core complex (MCC) and other extensional structures in Liaodong Peninsula led to a general trend of including three zones in the Peninsula: MCC zone, detachment fault systems (DFS) zone, and half graben zone. MCC commonly cuts through the mid-lower crust, DFS through the mid-upper crust, and half graben through the upper crust. Therefore, development of the extensional structures in Liaodong Peninsula indicates that they are the results of crustal extension and thinning at different crustal levels. They may provide a deep insight into the dynamic mechanism, history of destruction and lithosphere thinning of the North China Craton (NCC). Liaodong Peninsula, detachment fault system, Cretaceous extension, lithosphere thinning, North China Craton Citation:Shen L, Liu J L, Hu L, et al. The Dayingzi detachment fault system in Liaodong Peninsula and its regional tectonic significance.

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Crustal Detachment and Destruction of the Keel of North China Craton: Constraints from Late Mesozoic Extensional Structures

Cited by 65 publications

References 26 publications

Early Cretaceous overprinting of the Mesozoic Daqing Shan fold-and-thrust belt by the Hohhot metamorphic core complex, Inner Mongolia, China

Early Cretaceous overprinting of the Mesozoic Daqing Shan fold-and-thrust belt by the Hohhot metamorphic core complex, Inner Mongolia, China

Early cretaceous extensional structures in the Liaodong Peninsula: Structural associations, geochronological constraints and regional tectonic implications

The Dayingzi detachment fault system in Liaodong Peninsula and its regional tectonic significance

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