Cryocooler Operation of a Pulse-Driven AC Josephson Voltage Standard at PTB

Kieler, Oliver; Scheller, Thomas; Kohlmann, J.

doi:10.4236/wjcmp.2013.34031

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The produced voltage on each step has the quantum accuracy of the Josephson effect. It offers an ac voltage source for the frequencies below a few kilohertz (Kieler et al, 2013). The ac PJVS can be considered as a fast-changing dc PJVS.…”

Section: Development Of Ac Voltage Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Electrical Quantities Primary Standards

Ali

2021

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control

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The developments of primary standards for electrical quantities that practically realize the electrical units such as ampere (A), volt (V), ohm (Ω), and farad (F) are introduced in this manuscript. These quantities are achieved in consistency with their definitions. According to the new definition of ampere, current can be realized directly such as single electron transport (SET) pump or indirectly using Ohm’s law. For the SET pump, developments are ongoing as trials to obtain higher current values with lower associated uncertainty to be suitable for metrological applications. With the discoveries of the Effects of Josephson and quantum Hall, it has become possible to consider quantum electrical standards that relate the volt and ohm units to h and e through the Josephson and the von Klitzing constants, respectively. The dc programmable Josephson standard was developed to overcome the problems of conventional standards such as stability and noise immunity with lower cost. Developments are continuing on ac Josephson standards to improve performance and increase output voltages and frequencies. For ac voltage measurements for voltages up to 1000 V, thermal voltage converters are introduced to extend the traceability for measuring the ac voltages in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 MHz where quantum-based ac standards still have limitations. Thermal current converters are used as the most accurate and precise standard for measurement of ac currents. The realization of ohm is done by the quantum Hall effect through a quantum Hall resistance (QHR) standard. Developments are occurring to make it simpler, more precise and accurate. The efforts that have been made to increase the values of the resistance quantum hall standard to disseminate its accuracy to other standard resistors to help in industry are also introduced. The farad is practically achieved by the calculable cross-capacitor. The calculable capacitor acts as the ac impedance primary standard because it can transfer the traceability to other impedances by using bridges such as the quadrature bridge. The development is occurring on its displacement sensing system to allow greater accuracy.

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Section: Development Of Ac Voltage Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also called Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer (JAWS). It allows the synthesis of arbitrary ac waveforms with highly pure frequency pattern (Kieler et al, 2013). It was first demonstrated by NIST (Chen, 2016).…”

Section: Development Of Ac Voltage Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Electrical Quantities Primary Standards

Ali

2021

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control

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“…Two conducting CPW paths made of copper with a 2 0m gold layer on top (without nickel) are used for pulse transmission to the arrays. The CPW lines of this carrier are connected to two PCB-SMA launchers for connection to coaxial cables [14]. The carrier was designed for LHe operation, so it was not suited for cryocooler operation in vacuum: a carrier properly redesigned was then used in our experiments and will be described in the following.…”

Section: Chip Fabrication Technology and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Josephson array for pulse-driven voltage standard in a cryocooler

et al. 2017

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“…The work presented here uses arrays of Josephson junctions realized by PTB with NbxSi1-x as barrier material, in order to achieve higher characteristic frequencies and lower current densities (20-30 kA/cm 2 ) [4]. Junctions are arranged in double stacks and are embedded into the center line of a 50 Ω coplanarwave-guide (CPW) which ensures a suitable propagation of pulses.…”

Section: Array Technology and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CPW lines of this carrier are connected to two PCB-SMA launchers for connection to coaxial cables [4].…”

Section: Array Technology and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tests on waveform synthesis in a new cryocooler setup

Sosso

Trinchera

Durandetto

et al. 2016

2016 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2016)

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A new experimental setup based on a two-stage cryocooler has been developed at INRIM for operation with Josephson arrays. Recently some parts of the setup have been upgraded in order to allow the synthesis of waveforms; in particular, a well suited rigid rf coaxial cable with bandwidth exceeding 30 GHz has been mounted. We describe preliminary results obtained in tests of waveform synthesis with pulse-driven Josephson arrays fabricated at PTB. Unipolar sinewaves at 1.25 kHz and amplitudes ranging up to tens of millivolts were generated. Results are then discussed in relation with the specific thermal issues posed by He-free cooling.

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Cryocooler Operation of a Pulse-Driven AC Josephson Voltage Standard at PTB

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Development of Electrical Quantities Primary Standards

Development of Electrical Quantities Primary Standards

Characterization of a Josephson array for pulse-driven voltage standard in a cryocooler

Tests on waveform synthesis in a new cryocooler setup

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