Cryogenic mechanical behavior of 5000- and 6000-series aluminum alloys: Issues on application to offshore plants

Park, Doo-Hwan; Choi, Sung Woong; Kim, Jeong‐Hyeon; Lee, Jae-Myung

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2015.02.001

Cited by 88 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Magnesium alloys can be mostly found in racing cars (very light material and contribute to saving fuel), for example, in Porsche 917, 133 kg of its total weight is attributed to components made of magnesium alloys [5] A synopsis of the literature on the non-ferrous alloys exposed to DCT presented in Table 2 provides interesting outcome, demonstrating that not much research has been conducted in the field of DCT in combination with non-ferrous alloys. This is shown by the scarce amount of studies conducted with a much limited amount of different alloys researched in terms of DCT effect [81][82][83][84][85][86]. The overlook of the results verified, that research of non-ferrous alloys is still, more or less at the beginning, even though some studies on non-ferrous alloys were conducted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1950s-2000s of aluminum alloys for space industry [87].…”

Section: Nonferrous Materials For Automotive Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, more studies will be promoted in the field of cryogenic treatment and behavior of selected alloys. Observation showed that selected soaking temperatures of applied DCT on non-ferrous alloys is in the range of −163 to −196 • C, being about 10 • C lower than in average used for ferrous alloys in automotive industry [81][82][83][84][85][86]88]. This indicates, that lower temperatures are apparently needed, when dealing with non-ferrous alloys.…”

Section: Nonferrous Materials For Automotive Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But in other cases properties improvement of metallic materials were insignificant [48,82] or even deteriorated [74,75]. The DCT improves dimensional stability [72,73], resistance to electro-chemical corrosion [72], hardness [3,73,74], wear resistance [3,74,81,85], machining time and machinability [3], impact toughness [47], free energy absorption [74], ductility [83,84] and smooth surface of alloys is improved [82]. Furthermore, it provides more homogeneous and finer distribution of precipitated secondary carbides [53,75].…”

Section: Effect Of Deep Cryogenic Treatment On Metallic Materials Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hu et al (2018) [82] also exposed that DCT had little effect on the hardness of the titanium alloy, which could be the consequence of phase change and the higher shear strength. Park et al (2015) [84] also suggested that the number and size of precipitated particles in aluminum alloys could be the explanation for modified characteristics. Asl et al (2009) [85] observed similar phenomena on magnesium alloy, where morphology of β particles also plays an important role in the transformation of the material's properties, where coarse separated eutectic β phase penetrates in the matrix.…”

Section: Effect Of Deep Cryogenic Treatment On Metallic Materials Formentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials in Automotive Applications

Jovičević-Klug

Podgornik

2020

Metals

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With the development of society, every year there are increasing demands in the automotive industry on cost savings, environmental safety, reduction of raw material consumption, performance improvement, material life cycle and recycling of components. In this review, emphasis is given on ferrous and non-ferrous alloys, which are used as components, where both groups can be treated by deep cryogenic treatment (DCT). DCT has shown to increase hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance, reduce density of defects in crystal structure, improve toughness and corrosion resistance. Though, some researchers also reported results that showed no change in material properties, or even deterioration of material properties, when subjected to DCT. This additionally points out to lack of consistency and reliability of the DCT process, which is needed for its successful incorporation in automotive applications. However, to prove with certainty the resulting outcome on the material properties and knowledge about the reasons for the variation of this effect on metallic materials, further approach and testing with different variables should be conducted in the future. This review provides a synopsis of different approaches of DCT on different materials for automotive applications in order to indicate effects on the material performance during DCT.

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Section: Nonferrous Materials For Automotive Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonferrous Materials For Automotive Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Deep Cryogenic Treatment On Metallic Materials Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Deep Cryogenic Treatment On Metallic Materials Formentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review on the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials in Automotive Applications

Jovičević-Klug

Podgornik

2020

Metals

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“…Figure 5 shows the stress-strain curves at 110 K for high manganese steel, SUS304L, 7% nickel steel, and Al5083 alloy in the cryogenic environment. These stress-strain data were quoted from Park et al [39] and Kim et al [40], respectively. First, SUS304L exhibited strong hardening behavior associated with transformation-induced plasticity at the cryogenic temperature.…”

Section: Tensile Behavior Of High Manganese Steel At a Cryogenic Tempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Model for Mechanical Nonlinearities of High Manganese Steel Based on the Elastoplastic Damage Model

Kim

et al. 2018

Metals

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For constructing marine liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel/storage tanks, high manganese steel is being recognized as an alternative to stainless steel, nickel alloy, and aluminum alloy. In this study, the nonlinear tensile behavior of high manganese steel was investigated and numerically simulated at cryogenic temperatures at which natural gas exists as a liquid. Physical experimental tensile tests were carried out for a flat test specimen at 293 K and 110 K. In particular, the tensile behavior of a flat hole-notched high manganese steel specimen was experimentally obtained. A specimen with a hole was readily fractured compared to one without a hole. Tensile behavior of high manganese steel at the two cryogenic temperatures was compared to that of stainless steel, nickel, and aluminum alloy. In addition, numerical tests were performed for flat tensile specimens under identical experimental conditions. The elastoplastic damage model was derived and implemented using an Abaqus user-defined subroutine to appropriately simulate material behavior and degradation. The influence of some parameters on tensile behavior was investigated. The simulation results satisfactorily replicated the nonlinear tensile behavior of high manganese steel. The proposed numerical method, which is based on the damage-coupled material constitutive model, can be applied to structural analysis on the finite element analysis platform considering mechanical nonlinearities induced by severe conditions such as cryogenic temperature.

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Development of High Performance of Al Alloys via Cryo‐Forming: A Review

Xiong

Su²,

Kong

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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Weight reduction is a major trend in the development of automotive, marine, and aerospace industry. Al alloys are the ideal choice for the lightweight design because of their superior mechanical properties and small mass density. In recent years, research results have demonstrated that plastic processing at cryogenic temperature can improve the mechanical properties of Al alloys. Herein, the mechanical properties of Al alloys at cryogenic environment as well as at room temperature are compared, and then the main progress is introduced in the development of fabrication of high‐performance Al alloys using cryo‐forming methods, such as cryorolling, asymmetric cryorolling, cryo‐extrusion, and cryo‐forging, with subsequent heat treatment. The grain refinement mechanism and the strengthening mechanism of Al alloys during various cryo‐forming processes are discussed. Finally, the potential development prospects of future researches in this field are proposed.

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Cryogenic mechanical behavior of 5000- and 6000-series aluminum alloys: Issues on application to offshore plants

Cited by 88 publications

References 23 publications

Review on the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials in Automotive Applications

Review on the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials in Automotive Applications

Numerical Model for Mechanical Nonlinearities of High Manganese Steel Based on the Elastoplastic Damage Model

Development of High Performance of Al Alloys via Cryo‐Forming: A Review

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