“…In the early 2000s, a wider acceptance of artificial insemination by many horse breeds and advances in semen processing led investigators to turn their focus on epididymal sperm cryobiology. In recent years, epididymal sperm harvesting and cryopreservation evolved remarkably and are widely used in all domesticated mammals [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ] and have also been recently applied to captive and non-domesticated species such as giraffes [ 9 ], rhinoceros [ 10 ], and giant pandas [ 11 ].…”