Cryopreservation of spermatozoa on grouper species: a review

Abstract

Cryopreservation of spermatozoa of grouper species supporting artificial insemination in production of fry has contributed to the grouper aquaculture industry. Grouper is a high‐value species in marine cage finfish culture and a major business for the aquaculture industry in South East Asia. The species contributes a significant value to the income of South East Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand. Hybrid grouper is a new candidate for marine finfish culture, and cryopreservation of grouper and giant grouper spermatozoa is important to support development of its production. This review article discusses the cryopreservation of the spermatozoa of grouper species specifically. Emphasis is placed on the protocols for implementation and implications of the cryopreservation of grouper spermatozoa in the marine finfish aquaculture industry.

A Review on Factors Influencing Success of Grouper Sperm Cryopreservation

“…The most common reason for the studies was to support the dwindling capture of groupers in the wild by acquiring germplasm resources from the cryopreservation technique and also the increase in demand of hybrid groupers (Che-Zulkifli et al, 2020). Hence, cryopreservation technique was practised in most of grouper cultured-places to support the sustainable grouper production by preserving the germplasms.…”

“…Apart from that, moderate sized giant groupers are considered favourite food fish among Chinese community in countries like China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Malaysia (Vatanakul et al, 1999). However, recently, the focus on E. lanceolatus is primarily due to use of its sperm for producing various fast-growing combinations of hybrids, especially with the rise in popularity of the E. lanceolatus♂♀ × E. fuscoguttatus♀ hybrid (Che-Zulkifli et al, 2020).…”

Successful short‐term sperm cryopreservation in brown‐marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) with the utility of ultra‐freezer (−80°C)

“…Motivated by the unprecedented increase in market demand, grouper aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry throughout the tropical and subtropical seas in recent years (Che‐Zulkifli et al, 2020). Among various grouper species, brown‐marbled grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) has become one of the most promising species for marine culture in South‐East Asia, not only because of high economic value but also for its fast growth and hardiness in captivity (Chieng et al., 2020).…”

“…Among various grouper species, brown‐marbled grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) has become one of the most promising species for marine culture in South‐East Asia, not only because of high economic value but also for its fast growth and hardiness in captivity (Chieng et al., 2020). Cryopreservation of semen on grouper species shows high biotechnological potential for aquaculture, which provides benefits in reduced handling stress, simplified broodstock management, more flexibility in assisted reproduction, etc (Che‐Zulkifli et al, 2020). In general, sperm cryopreservation in fish is conventionally performed in liquid nitrogen (LN), either by controlled or uncontrolled freezing devices.…”

Evaluation of different sugar extenders and large volume cryotube for sperm cryopreservation of brown‐marbled grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus )

“…Numerous research regarding sperm cryopreservation of grouper species has been carried out; this biotechnology has proven to be with great application potential in the fields of assisted reproduction, selective breeding and biodiversity conservation (reviewed by Magnotti et al, 2018; Che‐Zulkifli et al, 2020). A suitable extender is arguably an important chemical component required for a successful cryopreservation protocol.…”