Cryopreservation of spores of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi*

Douds, David D.; Schenck, N. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00498.x

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The general rules for storage of AM fungi in pot culture type media are that cool is better than warm, and dry is better than moist (Daft et al 1987;Douds and Schenck 1990b). Storage is not a great issue for on-farm production of inocula in the tropics since these inocula are intended for use upon completion of the production cycle.…”

Section: Post Inoculum Production Issues Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum

Douds¹,

Nagahashi²,

Pfeffer³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2005. On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 15-21. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonize the roots of the majority of crop plants, forming a symbiosis that potentially enhances nutrient uptake, pest resistance, water relations, and soil aggregation. Inoculation with effective isolates of AM fungi is one way of ensuring the potential benefits of the symbiosis for plant production. Although inocula are available commercially, on-farm production of AM fungus inoculum would save farmers the associated processing and shipping costs. In addition, farmers could produce locally adapted isolates and generate a taxonomically diverse inoculum. On-farm inoculum production methods entail increasing inoculated isolates or indigenous AM fungi in fumigated or unfumigated field soil, respectively, or transplanting pre-colonized host plants into compost-based substrates. Subsequent delivery of the inoculum with seed to the planting hole in the field presents technological barriers that make these methods more viable in labor-intensive small farms. However, a readily available method for utilization of these inocula is mixing them into potting media for growth of vegetable seedlings for transplant to the field. Direct application of these inocula to the field and transplant of seedlings precolonized by these inocula have resulted in enhanced crop growth and yield. Les mycorhizes à arbuscules (MA) colonisent les racines de la majorité des végétaux. Ces champignons vivent en symbiose avec la plante, améliorant l'absorption des éléments nutritifs, la résis-tance aux ravageurs, l'utilisation de l'eau et l'agrégation des sols. L'inoculation de bons isolats de MA est une façon de veiller à ce que les bienfaits de cette symbiose profitent à la production agricole. Bien qu'on vende des inoculums sur le marché, leur pré-paration à la ferme permettrait à l'agriculteur d'économiser les frais de conditionnement et d'expédition. L'agriculteur pourrait aussi produire des isolats adaptés aux conditions locales et obtenir un inoculum de composition variée sur le plan taxonomique. La production d'inoculums à la ferme suppose un accroissement du nombre d'isolats ou de MA indigènes inoculés dans le sol des champs fumigés ou pas, respectivement, ou la transplantation de plantes hôtes déjà colonisées dans un substrat enrichi de compost. L'administration d'inoculum avec la semence à la plantation soulève des obstacles techniques qui rendent cette méthode plus rentable dans les petites exploitations faisant appel à une main-d'oeuvre abondante. Toutefois, le mélange de l'inoculum au milieu d'empotage dans lequel pousseront les plantules repiquées par la suite en pleine terre est une méthode aisément disponible. L'application directe de l'inoculum au sol et le repiquage de plantules colonisées ont abouti à une meilleure croissance et à un rendement plus important des cultures.

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Section: Post Inoculum Production Issues Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum

Douds¹,

Nagahashi²,

Pfeffer³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Cryoprotectants including glycerol and mannitol, commonly used in the preservation of various organisms (Smith & Onions, 1994), were shown to be ineffective both in this study and in another study with AM fungi (Douds & Schenck, 1990). Incubation of beads containing groups of four spores, for 1 and 2 d in 0n5 M sucrose and for 1 d in 0n5 M trehalose, had no detrimental effect on %PIB before cryopreservation.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Therefore a method of long-term storage appears essential. Procedures to store AM fungi for long periods were investigated by Douds & Schenck (1990). These authors observed that slow drying of pot culture soil followed by freezing the spores in situ was satisfactory for cryoprotection and cryopreservation at k60 to k70mC of several AM fungi belonging to Glomus, Gigaspora, Entrophospora, Acaulospora and Scutellospora.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of entrapped monoxenically produced spores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

Declerck

Coppenolle

2000

New Phytologist

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A study was conducted to quantify the ability of entrapped, monoxenically produced spores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus to germinate and reproduce the fungal life cycle after cryopreservation. No germination was obtained after incubation of entrapped spores in glycerol and mannitol and subsequent cryopreservation at k70mC, regardless of the concentration of cryoprotectants and duration of incubation. Incubation for 1 d in 0n5 M sucrose, and for 1 and 2 d in 0n5 M trehalose, led to spore germination after cryopreservation at k70mC. Lower cryopreservation temperatures were tested with entrapped spores incubated for 1 d in 0n5 M trehalose. The highest germination rate, estimated by the percentage of potentially infective beads (%PIB), was obtained at k100mC. A %PIB of 95% (water agar medium) to 100% (Strullu-Romand medium) was obtained at this temperature. Thereafter, %PIB rapidly decreased at k140 and k180mC. Heavy sporulation and high internal root colonization were obtained after re-association of the entrapped spores, incubated for 1 d in 0n5 M trehalose and subsequently cryopreserved at k100mC, with transformed carrot roots. This demonstrates the ability of entrapped spores to reproduce the fungal life cycle following cold treatment.

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“…However, sub-cultivation is being practiced for the maintenance [25][26][27] and contaminations risk is common problem [25]. Moreover, sub-cultivation is difficult or genetic variation may occur [28] and, genetic and physiological changes overtime cannot be prevented [29,25,30]. Thus, a method to maintain the viability, purity and stability of monoxenically produced AM fungal isolates over longterm storage periods is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing the Shelf Life of Monoxenically Produced Carrier-Based Am Fungal Bio-Inocula for Maintaining Its Long-Term Viability

Rodrigues

Rodrigues²

2018

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are often applied as bio-inoculants due to their plant growth promoting benefits. The objectives of the present work were to maximize the shelf life of monoxenically produced carrier-based AM fungal bio-inocula of Rhizoglomus intraradices and Funneliformis mosseae. Shelf life of in vitro produced inoculum was studied by assessing the infectivity potential of in vitro produced inocula in an optimum carrier formulation (vermiculite: cow dung powder: wood powder: wood ash in the ratio of 20:8:2:1) during storage at three different temperatures viz., 4 °C, 25 °C and room temperature (RT). The re-germination potential of in vitro produced spores from carrier-based inocula to in vitro conditions was also examined. The in vitro produced inocula stored at 25 °C remained viable up to 6 mo in the organic carrier formulation. 100 % germination was recorded when the spores of both AM species were cultured back to in vitro conditions indicating high viability, and efficiency of the carrier formulation in maintaining vigour of in vitro produced propagules.

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Cryopreservation of spores of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi*

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum

On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum

Cryopreservation of entrapped monoxenically produced spores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

Maximizing the Shelf Life of Monoxenically Produced Carrier-Based Am Fungal Bio-Inocula for Maintaining Its Long-Term Viability

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