Cryoprotective effect of<scp>l</scp>-carnitine on motility, vitality and DNA oxidation of human spermatozoa

Banihani, Saleem Ali; Agarwal, Ashok; Sharma, Rakesh; Bayachou, Mekki

doi:10.1111/and.12130

Cited by 94 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In conclusion, although many studies have shown the effect of L-carnitine in common infertility (Trasler and Robaire, 1988;Moradi et al, 2010;Banihani et al, 2014), there are no studies of L-carnitine in relation to CP-induced infertility. Our results, for the first time, have shown a promising effect and one of its possible mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Protective effect of L-carnitine in cyclophosphamide-induced germ cell apoptosis

Zhu

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used anti-cancer agent; however, it can also induce serious male infertility. There are currently no effective drugs to alleviate this side-effect. L-Carnitine has been used to treat male infertility, but whether it can be used to protect against CP-induced male infertility is still unclear. This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of L-carnitine in male infertility induced by CP. CP was used to establish an animal model. After three weeks of treatment, rats were sacrificed and testis and serum were harvested for further evaluation. Testosterone and estrogen levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Testicular injury was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining, and germ-cell apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 was examined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Compared with the CP group, L-carnitine significantly increases sperm motility, viability, and testosterone level (P<0.05). Western blot and real-time PCR results showed that L-carnitine treatment can significantly up-regulate the LC3-II and Beclin-1 expression in the CP+L-carnitine group when compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, TUNEL-positive cells were also more numerous in the CP group; however, L-carnitine can effectively retard cell apoptosis in the CP+ L-carnitine group. In conclusion, L-carnitine contributes to the inhibition of cell apoptosis and the modulation of autophagy in protecting CP-induced testicular injury. These results suggest the applicability of L-carnitine in the treatment of male infertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Protective effect of L-carnitine in cyclophosphamide-induced germ cell apoptosis

Zhu

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…One obvious mechanism is that metformin reduces the level of oxidative stress (Banihani et al, 2014), an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants to the favor of the former, and lipid peroxidation (Attia, Helal, Alhaider, 2009). It has been shown that metformin supplementation at 30 mg/kg restores the antioxidant function such as reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase in diabetic male rats (Adaramoye, Lawal, 2014).…”

Section: Positive Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of metformin on semen quality

Banihani

2016

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Various studies have linked metformin, a universally antidiabetic drug, with semen quality; however, such a direct link has not been established. This review systematically addresses and summarizes the effect of metformin on semen quality, particularly sperm function. We searched the MEDLINE electronic database for English articles and abstracts containing the key words 'metformin' and 'sperm', and relevant articles were reviewed. In summary, metformin appears to have improved and provided positive impact on sperm quality. This effect may be due to the ability of metformin to reduce oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, enhance 5'-AMP activated protein kinase activity, and restore the normal levels of pituitary-gonadal hormones. However, further clinical research is still necessary to confirm such effect.Uniterms: Metformin/effects. Metformin/review. Metformin/semen quality. Sperm/study. Testosterone. Oxidative stress. 5'-AMP activated protein kinase. INTRODUCTIONMetformin, a biguanide-derivative antidiabetic drug, is the most widely used oral agent in humans (Brinkmann, Brixius, 2015;Chhetri, Thapa, Van Schepdael, 2014). It is the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly, in overweight and obese patients with normal kidney function (American Diabetes, 2009;George, Joseph, 2014;Hung et al., 2015). In addition, recent research has proposed that metformin alone or in combination with insulin may be safe to treat gestational diabetes and does not increase the risk of metabolic acidosis (Huang, Castelino, Peterson, 2015; Kitwitee et al., 2015). Metformin's mechanism of action involves suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis (Ferrannini, 2014; Foretz et al., 2010;Todd, Florez, 2014). One concern that has been raised relevant to metformin usage is that the consensus panel of diabetes felt that metformin should be considered for diabetes prevention even in non-diabetic individuals (i.e., pre-diabetic or obese individuals). This concern increases the use of this drug by these groups (American Diabetes, 2009;Hostalek, Gwilt, Hildemann, 2015;Manu et al., 2015;McGavock, Dart, Wicklow, 2015).Over the last decade, various experimental and clinical studies have linked metformin with sperm function, and thus with male factor infertility Ferreira et al., 2015); however, such direct link has not been established. In this review, we provide fresh and comprehensive understanding of the effect of metformin, as a universally used oral agent, on semen quality (i.e., sperm quantity and quality). To do this, we searched the MEDLINE electronic database for English-language articles and abstracts reported using the key words 'metformin' and 'sperm'. The references from selected articles were reviewed and used if relevant. Effect of metformin on sperm parameters Positive effectsTo date, the majority of studies linking metformin to sperm parameters are nonclinical. In his study on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Attia, Helal, Alhaider (2009) made the seminal observation that metformin decreases the diabe...

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“…Combination therapy with L-carnitine (2g/day) and acetyl-L-carnitine (500mg twice a day) is also effective in improving sperm quality in infertile patients (Lenzi et al, 2004) [66,67] and it improves the total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid [68] and sperm parameters [68]. Interestingly, the addition of L-carnitine in samples to be cryopreservation improves significantly sperm quality [70].…”

Section: Carnitinementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility

Gadallah¹

2018

SMOAJ

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Cryoprotective effect ofl-carnitine on motility, vitality and DNA oxidation of human spermatozoa

Cited by 94 publications

References 22 publications

Protective effect of L-carnitine in cyclophosphamide-induced germ cell apoptosis

Protective effect of L-carnitine in cyclophosphamide-induced germ cell apoptosis

Effect of metformin on semen quality

Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility

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