“…This not only would improve cosmetic outcomes, but also could greatly decrease operating room and anesthesia needs, recovery times, surgical complications, and health-care costs. Several methods are presently being investigated for the in situ ablation of breast cancer, including radiofrequency ablation, 4 -7 cryosurgery, 8,9 laser interstitial therapy, 10 -17 high-intensity focused ultrasound, 18 -25 and focused microwave thermotherapy. 26 -29 Cryosurgery has been successfully used for the ablation of tumors in the liver, 30,31 prostate, 32,33 and kidney 34,35 ; the palliative treatment of locally advanced breast cancers 36,37 ; and the treatment of breast fibroadenomas.…”