Cryptanalysis and Improved Image Encryption Scheme Using Elliptic Curve and Affine Hill Cipher

Abstract

In the present era of digital communication, secure data transfer is a challenging task in the case of open networks. Low-key-strength encryption techniques incur enormous security threats. Therefore, efficient cryptosystems are highly necessary for the fast and secure transmission of multimedia data. In this article, cryptanalysis is performed on an existing encryption scheme designed using elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) and a Hill cipher. The work shows that the scheme is vulnerable to brute force attacks and lacks both Shannon’s primitive operations of cryptography and Kerckchoff’s principle. To circumvent these limitations, an efficient modification to the existing scheme is proposed using an affine Hill cipher in combination with ECC and a 3D chaotic map. The efficiency of the modified scheme is demonstrated through experimental results and numerical simulations.

Implementation of a Logistic Map to Calculate the Bits Required for Digital Image Steganography Using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) Method

“…Insert bit_rhs to each entry on mc with the method replace the last nbit of each number in mc with bit_rhs 14. Output: x0, row_rhs and column_rhs , nbit_lsb Finally, Algorithm 3 is about the opening method proposed in this article as follows (Lone et al, 2022).…”

A Novel Conservative Chaotic System Involved in Hyperbolic Functions and Its Application to Design an Efficient Colour Image Encryption Scheme

“…where P(m i ) is the probability of the element m i , and T represents the total number of elements m i . For an encrypted image, eight is the ideal value of entropy [16]. In this paper, we used the suggested approach to encrypt colour images and determine the entropy values of the cyphered images, as shown in Table 3.…”

“…Many image encryption techniques have been suggested and developed by researchers, such as Arnold transformation-based [1][2][3], quantum system-based [4][5][6], compression sensing-based [7][8][9], cellular automata-based [10][11][12], DNA computing-based [13][14][15], elliptic curves-based [16][17][18], and chaotic system-based [19][20][21][22][23] approaches. The approach of digital image encryption based on chaotic systems is considered to be more effective than other approaches due to their ability to improve unpredictability, which makes encryption more resistant to attacks.…”

Remote sensing image encryption algorithm based on novel hyperchaos and an elliptic curve cryptosystem

“…Public keys encrypt messages, while private keys decrypt them. Based on the nearly unbreakable elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem, [6,7] the elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC) achieves the same level of security as the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman system with shorter keys. [8] However, asymmetric algorithms are typically slower compared to symmetric algorithms.…”