AbstractThe concept of the semigroup action problem (SAP) was first introduced by Monico in 2002. Monico explained in his paper that the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) can be generalized to SAP. After defining the action problem in a semigroup, the concept was extended using different mathematical structures. In this paper, we discuss the concept of SAP and present a detailed survey of the work which has been done using it in public-key cryptography.