Cryptic Speciation in Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) trapidoi (Fairchild &amp; Hertig) (Diptera: Psychodidae) Detected by Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis

Jp, Dujardin; F, Le Pont; Cruz, Mariza Fordellone Rosa; León, Renato; Lf, Tarrieu; Guderian, Ronald H.; Echeverria, R; Tibayrenc, Michel

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.42

Cited by 33 publications

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“…nuneztovari anglesi (IA and IC) ( Figure 1 and Table 2). The reference strain of L. amazonensis (IFLA/BR/67/PH8) showed 9% fixed differences, i.e., only one locus with no shared alleles 16 with two insect parasite stocks (IA and IC), and no difference compared with the third one (IB) ( Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Running conditions and identification techniques were as described by Dujardin and others. 16 Each sample was mixed with a hypotonic enzyme stabilizer, held for 30 min on ice, centrifuged for 2 min at 3,500 ϫ g, and immediately subjected to electrophoresis. All aliquots allowed the survey of as many as 12 different enzyme systems, including additional analyses for controls or verifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lutzomyia nuneztovari anglesi (Le pont & Desjeux, 1984) as a vector of Leishmania amazonensis in a sub-Andean leishmaniasis focus of Bolivia.

Martínez¹,

Pont²,

Torrez³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Recently, a new Leishmania amazonensis focus was described in a sub-Andean region (1,450-2,100 meters above sea level) of Bolivia. In this area, three anthropophilic sandfly species were identified: Lutzomyia nuneztovari anglesi Le Pont & Desjeux, 1984, which represented 86-99% of the captures, Lu. galatiae Lu. shannoni Dyar 1929. Only Lu. nuneztovari anglesi was found naturally infected by flagellates (16 of 1,715 females). Three Leishmania stocks were isolated and analyzed by isoenzyme electrophoresis at 11 loci. No significant isoenzymatic differences were demonstrated between them and 7 stocks isolated from patients from the same area, and previously characterized as L. amazonensis. Moreover, in a simplified protocol, the experimental infection of Lu. nuneztovari anglesi by L. amazonensis was successful in 92% of the surviving specimens. These data are discussed in relation to the Killick-Kendrick criteria. These results strongly suggest that Lu. nuneztovari anglesi is the vector of L. amazonensis at Cajuata, Inquisivi, La Paz, Bolivia.In Bolivia, only two Leishmania species have been identified as agents of human cutaneous leishmaniasis:The first one is a widespread parasite in Bolivia, 1-4 while the second one has been reported only rarely. 5-7 Leishmania amazonensis is better known from sylvatic lowlands, especially in Amazonia, 8,9 where all proven vectors belong to the Lutzomyia flaviscutellata complex, 9,10 but the cycle is able to survive in plantation woodland and deforested areas as in Brazil. 11 In the Venezuelan and Ecuadorian Andes, parasites related to L. amazonensis have been described (L. garnhami 12 and L. mexicana, 13 respectively). Leishmania amazonensis is potentially very dangerous and occasionally induces a chronic and eventually fatal disease known as cutaneous diffuse leishmaniasis (CDL). The first Bolivian case reported by Prado Barrientos from the neighboring region of the Yungas was a typical case of CDL probably due to L. amazonensis. 14 Recently, we described an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the province of Inquisivi, La Paz, 15 where the parasite was identified as L. amazonensis on the basis of biologic and molecular data. The present study provides evidence indicating that the vector of L. amazonensis is Lu. nuneztovari anglesi Le Pont and Desjeux, 1984. MATERIALS AND METHODSStudy area. The L. amazonensis focus is located at Cajuata and surrounding communities in the province of Inquisivi in southeastern region (67º15ЈW, 16º42ЈS) of the Department of La Paz, Bolivia. The study area is at an altitude ranging from 1,450 to 2,100 meters above sea level. 15 It is a deforested valley with very steep slopes such that the bottom of the valley is shaded early in the afternoon. The human population lives in scattered adobe brick houses with corrugated iron roofs. Around the settlements, land is cultivated with coca plantations, root vegetables, and papaya crops, while residual deciduous forests with xerophytes and epiphytes cover the steepest places. The cumulative pr...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lutzomyia nuneztovari anglesi (Le pont & Desjeux, 1984) as a vector of Leishmania amazonensis in a sub-Andean leishmaniasis focus of Bolivia.

Martínez¹,

Pont²,

Torrez³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…3 One of the factors associated with the epidemiological change was the adaptation of some species of the subfamily Phlebotominae, vectors of Leishmania parasites, to altered ecosystems and other sources of blood meals, such as humans and domestic animals. 3,4 In Colombia, increased human movement, mainly because of political instability, encouraged the geographical spread of Leishmania species. 5 Simultaneously, Leishmania parasites have shown their ability to infect additional mammalian hosts 6,7 and use additional phlebotomine species as vectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phlebotomine Vector Ecology in the Domestic Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Chaparral, Colombia

Ferro¹,

Marín²,

Góngora³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Phlebotomine vector ecology was studied in the largest recorded outbreak of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia in 2004. In two rural townships that had experienced contrasting patterns of case incidence, this study evaluated phlebotomine species composition, seasonal abundance, nocturnal activity, blood source, prevalence of Leishmania infection, and species identification. CDC miniature light traps were used to trap the phlebotomines. Traps were set indoors, peridomestically, and in woodlands. Natural infection was determined in pools by polymerase chain reaction–Southern blot, and blood sources and species identification were determined by sequencing. Large differences were observed in population abundance between the two townships evaluated. Lutzomyia longiflocosa was the most abundant species (83.1%). Abundance was higher during months with lower precipitation. Nocturnal activity was associated with human domestic activity. Blood sources identified were mainly human (85%). A high prevalence of infection was found in L. longiflocosa indoors (2.7%) and the peridomestic setting (2.5%). L. longiflocosa was responsible for domestic transmission in Chaparral.

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“…Twelve enzyme systems (ALDH, AP, HK, GPD, GPI, IDH, ME, MDH, PEP, PGM, XDH and XO) were run on cellulose acetate according to Richardson et al (1986) and Dujardin et al (1996). For genetic relatedness analysis, a phenetic approach was preferred to a cladistic one because our material did not include an outgroup for Phlebotominae (see however comments of Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative phenetics and taxonomy of some phlebotomine taxa

Dujardin

Pont²,

Martínez

1999

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Cryptic Speciation in Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) trapidoi (Fairchild & Hertig) (Diptera: Psychodidae) Detected by Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Lutzomyia nuneztovari anglesi (Le pont & Desjeux, 1984) as a vector of Leishmania amazonensis in a sub-Andean leishmaniasis focus of Bolivia.

Lutzomyia nuneztovari anglesi (Le pont & Desjeux, 1984) as a vector of Leishmania amazonensis in a sub-Andean leishmaniasis focus of Bolivia.

Phlebotomine Vector Ecology in the Domestic Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Chaparral, Colombia

Quantitative phenetics and taxonomy of some phlebotomine taxa

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