Cryptochrome Regulates Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Small Brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén)

Jiang, Yuan; Yuan, Xin; Zhou, Wenwu; Bai, Ye; Wang, Guiyao; Zhu, Zhiliang

doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00149

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, since it is classified as a vestigial flavoprotein (Kutta et al ., 2017), and is unlikely to be the magnetoreceptor; Cry2 may work together with another chromophore (e.g., FAD in Drosophila‐like Cry1 ) in magnetoreception. Moreover, given that Cry2 is a core component of the circadian clock (Zhang et al ., 2017; Jiang et al ., 2018), which has been shown to be sensitive to changes in magnetic field intensity (Yoshii et al ., 2009; Fedele et al ., 2014a), the altered gene expression pattern of Cry2 observed in our study was more likely related to its role in circadian mechanisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

et al. 2020

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The geomagnetic field (GMF) is well documented for its essential role as a cue used in animal orientation or navigation. Recent evidence indicates that the absence of GMF (mimicked by the near-zero magnetic field, NZMF) can trigger stress-like responses such as reduced body weight, as we have previously shown in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. In this study, we found that consistent with the significantly decreased body weight of newly emerged female (−14.67%) and male (−13.17%) adult N. lugens, the duration of the phloem ingestion feeding waveform was significantly reduced by 32.02% in 5th instar nymphs reared under the NZMF versus GMF. Interestingly, 5th instar nymphs that exhibited reduced feeding had significantly higher glucose levels (+16.98% and +20.05%; 24 h and 48 h after molting), which are associated with food aversion, and expression patterns of their appetite-related neuropeptide genes (neuropeptide F, downregulated overall; short neuropeptide F, down-regulated overall; adipokinetic hormone, up-regulated overall; and adipokinetic hormone receptor, down-regulated overall) were also altered under the absence of GMF in a manner consistent with diminishing appetite. Moreover, the expressions of the potential magnetosensor cryptochromes (Crys) were found significantly altered under the absence of GMF, indicating the likely upstream signaling of the Cry-mediated magnetoreception mechanisms. These findings support the hypothesis that strong changes in GMF intensity can reduce adult body weight through affecting insect feeding behavior and underlying regulatory processes including appetite regulation. Our results highlight that GMF could be necessary for the maintenance of energy homeostasis in insects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

et al. 2020

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“…However, since it is classified as a vestigial flavoprotein (Kutta et al, 2017), and is unlikely to be the magnetoreceptor, Cry2 may work together with another chromophore (e.g., FAD in Drosophila-like Cry1) in magnetoreception. Moreover, given that Cry2 is a core component of the circadian clock (Jiang et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2017), which has been shown to be sensitive to changes in magnetic field intensity (Fedele et al, 2014;Yoshii et al, 2009), the altered gene expression pattern of Cry2 observed in our study was more likely related to its role in circadian mechanisms.…”

Section: Glucose Levels Of 5th Instar Nymphsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

Wan

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The geomagnetic field (GMF) is well documented for its essential role as a cue used in animal orientation or navigation. Recent evidence indicates that the absence of GMF can trigger stress-like responses such as reduced body weight, as we have previously shown in newly emerged adults of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. To test the hypothesis that reduced feeding in the absence of the GMF leads to a decrease of N. lugens body weight, we compared magnetic responses in feeding behavior, glucose levels, and expression of magnetoreception-and appetite-related genes in brown planthopper nymphs exposed to either a near-zero magnetic field (NZMF, i.e., GMF absence) or typical GMF conditions. In addition to observing the expected responses in the expression of the potential magnetosensor cryptochromes, the food intake of 5 th instar nymphs was significantly reduced in insects reared in the absence of GMF. Insects that exhibited reduced feeding reared in the absence of the GMF also had higher glucose levels which is associated with food aversion.Expression patterns of appetite-related neuropeptide genes were also altered in the absence of GMF in a manner consistent with diminishing appetite. These findings support the hypothesis that strong changes in GMF intensity can affect insect feeding behavior and underlying regulatory processes.Our results provide further evidence that magnetoreception and regulatory responses to GMF changes can affect a wide variety of biological processes.

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“…Interestingly, the peak of cry2 expression at dusk observed in parthenogenetic aphids of the YR2 and GR strains coincides in phase with the peak of expression of period and timeless for the same aphid morphs Cortés et al, 2010). A peak at the beginning of the night in the expression of cry2, in many cases in phase with peaks in the expression of per and tim genes, has also been reported in other insects (Bertossa et al, 2014;Gentile et al, 2009;Ingram et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2018;Rubin et al, 2006;Ueda et al, 2018;Werckenthin et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2016) but rhythmic expression has not been found in some insects (Ikeno et al, 2008;Kotwica-Rolinska et al, 2017;L. Zhu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Cry2 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Mapping and quantification of cryptochrome expression in the brain of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

Barberà

Collantes-Alegre

Martínez‐Torres

2021

Insect Molecular Biology

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Aphids are paradigmatic photoperiodic animals often used to study the role of the circadian clock in the seasonal response. Previously, we described some elements of the circadian clock core (genes period and timeless) and output (melatonin, AANATs and PTTH) that could have a role in the regulation of the aphid seasonal response. More recently, we identified two opsins (C-ops and SWO4) as candidate input photoperiodic receptors.In the present report, we focus on the study of cryptochromes (cry) as photoreceptors of the circadian clock and discuss their involvement in the seasonal response. We analyse the expression of cry1 and cry2 genes in a circadian and seasonal context, and map their expression sites in the brain. We observe a robust rhythmic expression of cry2 peaking at dusk in phase with core clock genes period and timeless, while cry1 shows a weaker rhythm. Changes in cry1 and cry2 expression correlate with activation of the seasonal response, suggesting a possible link. Finally, we map the expression of cry1 and cry2 genes to clock neurons in the pars lateralis, a region essential for the photoperiodic response. Our results support a role for cry as elements of the aphid circadian clock and suggest a role in photoreception for cry1 and in clock repression for cry2.

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Cryptochrome Regulates Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Small Brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén)

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

Mapping and quantification of cryptochrome expression in the brain of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

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